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首页> 美国政府科技报告 >Design, Test and Demonstration of Saturable Reactor High-Temperature Superconductor Fault Current Limiters.
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Design, Test and Demonstration of Saturable Reactor High-Temperature Superconductor Fault Current Limiters.

机译：可饱和电抗器高温超导故障限流器的设计，测试和演示。

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摘要

Fault current limiters (FCLs) when utilized in the electric grid will limit the current in the system when a fault, commonly thought of as a short circuit, occurs. (Nominal current in utility electrical lines may easily be as much as 2,000 Amps or more, and during a fault when the lines are shorted together by wind or shorted to ground from a downed utility pole or equipment internal failure, the current can typically be 25,000 Amps, 40,000 Amps, 60,000 Amps or more.) While the usual utility implementation purely for fault limitation is an air-core reactor (utilities often use other means such as splitting electric buses or relocating generator or electrical feeder circuit tie-ins to limit total fault current potential), the air-core reactor will typically have a relatively high nominal insertion impedance and subsequent voltage drop that will increase linearly with current. The Zenergy Power FCL is a saturable reactor high-temperature superconductor fault current limiter design and is rather unique in that it presents low impedance to electrical currents under nominal conditions; however, under fault conditions the impedance is large and will limit the flow of current. A key factor in the Zenergy Power design is that the fault current itself initiates the change to high impedance with no other outside triggering and can, therefore, be considered a Smart Grid component. The Zenergy Power FCL reacts quickly, for the impedance change can occur within the first quarter cycle of the 50-Hertz or 60-Hertz current. The Zenergy Power design has no AC load current or voltage through the superconducting components, and once the fault is cleared, the FCL returns instantly to low impedance and is ready for the next fault. The fast reaction time allows the FCL to handle multiple faults in rapid succession. The application of FCLs to an electric grid can provide protection to upstream circuitry already at its maximum rating, lower the maximum fault current in the system, improve the lifetime and reliability of downstream electrical circuits and components, enable the ride-through of short duration electrical transients without power interruption, and facilitate interconnection of distributed energy sources (wind, solar, hydro) without increasing the fault current design rating.

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