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首页> 美国政府科技报告 >Southwestern Willow Flycatcher and Yellow-Billed Cuckoo Survey and Monitoring at Select Sites in Southern Nevada, 2007 Annual Report
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Southwestern Willow Flycatcher and Yellow-Billed Cuckoo Survey and Monitoring at Select Sites in Southern Nevada, 2007 Annual Report

机译：2007年年度报告南内华达州部分地区的西南柳树捕蝇草和黄嘴鹬调查与监测

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Standardized presence/absence surveys and nest monitoring at select sites in southern Nevada were continued by the Nevada Department of Wildlife (NDOW) in 2007 for the federally endangered Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus), and Endangered Species Act candidate species, the Western Yellow-billed Cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus occidentalis). Southwestern Willow Flycatchers breed in dense native riparian habitats, and their recent population declines have been attributed to loss, fragmentation, alteration and/or degradation of breeding habitat, brood parasitism by Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater), nest predation and loss of wintering habitat. Surveys were conducted at numerous sites in six different geographic areas, followed standardized protocols, and utilized playback recordings of willow flycatcher songs and calls. NDOW also assisted with color-banding activities at Key Pittman Wildlife Management Area. Over 181 hours were spent conducting surveys, resulting in the detection of 28 resident willow flycatchers, consisting of 24 paired birds and four singles. Seventeen nesting attempts were documented and 31 young were known to successfully fledge. All nests were constructed in Coyote Willow (Salix exigua). Only one incidence of cowbird parasitism was documented. Yellow-billed Cuckoos breed in woodlands with clearings and dense shrub understory, usually associated with watercourses. The cuckoo has declined from much of its historic range in the western U.S, and these declines have been linked to pesticide use, loss of riparian habitat in nesting areas as a consequence of fragmentation, inundation by reservoirs, channelization, and urban development. Surveys were conducted at numerous sites in six different geographic areas, followed standardized protocols and utilized playback recordings of cuckoo calls. NDOW spent 120 hours conducting surveys resulting in zero cuckoo detections. No nests or young were detected or documented. Management recommendations for both species include: continuation of survey and monitoring efforts at known breeding sites to assess life history parameters; develop new and cultivate existing partnerships with private landowners to identify and monitor willow flycatcher and cuckoo breeding territories on private lands, and encourage participation in Conservation Easements, Safe Harbor Agreements and Landowner Incentive programs; continue to manage for willow flycatchers and cuckoos on state and federal lands, promote habitat restoration and mitigate potentially harmful land use practices that may impact breeding habitats, including improper grazing, water diversion, and destruction of willow patches, cottonwood galleries and other riparian habitats; continue to coordinate and collaborate with other agencies and consultants to collectively achieve downlisting and delisting goals and objectives put forth in the Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Recovery Plan, and to preclude listing of the Yellow-billed Cuckoo.

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