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Nanocrystal Quantum Dot Devices: How the Lead Sulfide (PbS) System Teaches Us the Importance of Surfaces

机译:纳米晶量子点装置:硫化硫化物(PBS)系统如何教导我们表面的重要性

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摘要

Semiconducting thin films made from nanocrystals hold potential as composite hybrid materials with new functionalities. With nanocrystal syntheses, composition can be controlled at the sub-nanometer level, and, by tuning size, shape, and surface termination of the nanocrystals as well as their packing, it is possible to select the electronic, phononic, and photonic properties of the resulting thin films. While the ability to tune the properties of a semiconductor from the atomistic- to macro-scale using solution-based techniques presents unique opportunities, it also introduces challenges for process control and reproducibility. In this review, we use the example of well-studied lead sulfide (PbS) nanocrystals and describe the key advances in nanocrystal synthesis and thin-film fabrication that have enabled improvement in performance of photovoltaic devices. While research moves forward with novel nanocrystal materials, it is important to consider what decades of work on PbS nanocrystals has taught us and how we can apply these learnings to realize the full potential of nanocrystal solids as highly flexible materials systems for functional semiconductor thin-film devices. One key lesson is the importance of controlling and manipulating surfaces.
机译:由纳米晶体制成的半导体薄膜将电位作为复合杂化材料具有新功能。利用纳米晶合成,可以在亚纳米水平处控制组合物,并且通过调节纳米晶体的尺寸,形状和表面终端以及它们的包装,可以选择电子,声子和光子性能产生薄膜。虽然使用基于解决方案的技术从原子 - 原子 - 宏观规模调整半导体属性的能力呈现出独特的机会,但它也引入了过程控制和再现性的挑战。在本文中,我们使用良好研究的硫化铅(PBS)纳米晶体的实例,并描述了纳米晶合成和薄膜制造的关键进展,其具有能够改善光伏器件的性能。虽然研究前进了新的纳米晶体材料,但重要的是考虑PBS纳米晶体的数十年的工作已经教导我们以及如何应用这些学习,以实现纳米晶体固体作为功能性半导体薄膜的高度柔性材料系统的全部潜力。设备。一个关键课程是控制和操纵表面的重要性。

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