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>Pharmacokinetics of oral and subcutaneous meloxicam: Effect on indicators of pain and inflammation after knife castration in weaned beef calves
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Pharmacokinetics of oral and subcutaneous meloxicam: Effect on indicators of pain and inflammation after knife castration in weaned beef calves
Oral meloxicam is labelled for reducing pain and inflammation associated with castration in cattle in Canada, however, subcutaneous meloxicam is only labelled for pain associated with dis-budding and abdominal surgery. The aim of this project was to determine the pharmacokinetic profile of oral (PO; 1.0 mg/kg BW) and subcutaneous meloxicam (SC; 0.5 mg/kg BW), and to assess the effect of meloxicam on physiological and behavioural indicators of pain associated with knife castration in 7-8 month old calves. Twenty-three Angus crossbred beef calves (328 ± 4.4 kg BW) were randomly assigned to two treatments: PO n = 12 or SC n = 11 administration of meloxicam immediately before knife castration. Physiological parameters included salivary and hair cortisol, substance P, haptoglobin, serum amyloid-A, weight, complete blood count, scrotal and rectal temperature. Behavioural parameters included standing and lying behaviour, pen behaviour and feeding behaviour. Data were analyzed using PROC GLIMMIX (SAS), with repeated measures using mixed procedures including treatment as a fixed effect and animal and pen as a random effect. The pharmacokinetic profile of the drug including area under the curve, volume of distribution and clearance was greater (P < 0.05) in PO than SC calves. After surgery, substance P concentrations, white blood cell counts (WBC), weight and lying duration were greater (P < 0.05) in PO than SC calves, while scrotal circumference was lower (P < 0.05) in PO calves than SC calves. Although statistical differences were observed for pharmacokinetic, physiological and behavioural parameters differences were small and may lack biological relevance.
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机译：口服Meloxicam标记用于减少与加拿大牛阉割相关的疼痛和炎症，然而，皮下美洛昔康仅被标记为与Dis-Budding和腹部手术相关的疼痛。该项目的目的是确定口腔（PO; 1.0mg / kg BW）和皮下美洛昔康（Sc; 0.5mg / kg BW）的药代动力学曲线，并评估美洛昔康对相关疼痛的生理和行为指标的影响7-8个月大牛犊的刀阉割。将二十三个Angus杂交牛犊（328±4.4 kg BW）随机分配到两种治疗方法：Po n = 12或Sc n = 11在刀阉割之前立即施用美洛昔康。生理学参数包括唾液和毛发溶胶，物质P，哈托氟胺，血清淀粉样蛋白-A，重量，完全血液计数，阴囊和直肠温度。行为参数包括站立和撒谎行为，笔行为和喂养行为。使用Proc Glimmix（SAS）分析数据，使用混合程序的重复措施，包括作为固定效果和动物和笔作为随机效应的治疗。在PO的曲线下，分布和间隙体积和间隙的药物的药代动力学曲线大于SC犊牛。在手术后，PO比SC犊牛在PO中，物质P浓度，白细胞计数（WBC），重量和卧式（P <0.05），而PO犊牛的阴囊周长较低（P <0.05）。虽然针对药代动力学的统计差异，但生理和行为参数差异较小，可能缺乏生物相关性。
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