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Effects of a Supplementary Strength-Power Training Program on Neuromuscular Performance in Young Female Athletes

机译：补充强度 - 力训练计划对年轻女运动员神经肌肉表现的影响

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AIM: This study examined the effects of a high-intensity, short-duration supplementary strength-power training program on neuromuscular performance and sport-specific skills of young female “Gymnastics for All” athletes. MATERIAL & METHOD: Twenty-four female “Gymnastics for all” athletes aged 13 ± 2 years, with at least two years of competitive-level training experience, took part in this study. Participants were divided into training (TG, n = 13) and control groups (CG, n = 11), who completed the same 3-day per week gymnastics training program over 10 weeks, with the TG completing a supplementary 7–9 min long strength-power program at the end of each training session. This training program consisted of two rounds of strength and power exercises for arms and legs, executed in a circuit fashion with 1-min rest between rounds. The exercises used included plyometrics for upper and lower body using body weight resistance, as well as strength-power exercises using elastic bands and light kettle bells. Participants performed each exercise at maximum voluntary effort, as fast and as hard as possible. Initially, six different exercises were performed per round (15 s work and 15 s rest), while the number of exercises per round was gradually decreased to four and the duration of each exercise was increased to 30 s (with 30 s rest). Data were analyzed using mixed-model 2-way ANOVA (group × time). RESULTS: After 10 weeks of training the TG improved countermovement jump performance with one leg (by 11.9 ± 2.8%, p = 0.001) and two legs (by 7.1 ± 2.7%, p = 0.026), drop jump performance (by 11.9 ± 2.8%, p = 0.002), single-leg jumping agility (by 12.9 ± 1.5%, p = 0.001), sport-specific performance, i.e., repeated rondats (by 8.2 ± 2.1%, p = 0.004), but not 10-m sprint performance (2.5 ± 1.7%, p = 0.23). There was no change in these neuromuscular performance parameters in the CG (p = 0.13 to 0.94). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show that this supplementary strength-power program performed for only 7–9 min at the end of each session improved neuromuscular and sport-specific performance after 10 weeks of training.
机译：目的：本研究检测了高强度，短期补充强度 - 力量 - 强度 - 力量训练计划对神经肌肉性能和体育专用技能的影响，对所有“运动员的年轻女性”体操的特定技能。材料与方法：二十四名女性“体操”为13±2年的运动员，至少有两年的竞争水平培训经验，参与了这项研究。参与者分为培训（TG，N = 13）和对照组（CG，N = 11），他们在10周内完成了每周每周一个体操训练计划的相同3天，TG完成了7-9分钟的补充每个培训课程结束时强度 - 权力计划。该培训计划由两轮强度和动力练习组成，用于武器和腿部，以电路方式执行，在回合之间休息1分钟。使用的练习包括使用体重阻力的上部和下部身体的普莱耳测定，以及使用弹性带和轻壶铃的强度功率练习。参与者以最大的自愿努力进行每个练习，尽可能快地努力。最初，每轮进行六种不同的练习（15次工作和15秒），而每轮锻炼的数量逐渐降低至四个，每次运动的持续时间增加到30秒（休息30秒）。使用混合模型双向ANOVA（组×时间）分析数据。结果：培训10周后，TG改善了一种腿部采用逆流性能（11.9±2.8％，P = 0.001）和两条腿（按7.1±2.7％，P = 0.026），降低跳跃性能（11.9±2.8 ％，p = 0.002），单腿跳跃敏捷（按12.9±1.5％，p = 0.001），体育特异性的性能，即重复rondats（通过8.2±2.1％，p = 0.004），但不是10米Sprint性能（2.5±1.7％，P = 0.23）。这些神经肌肉性能参数在CG中没有变化（P = 0.13至0.94）。结论：本研究结果表明，该补充强度 - 在每次会议结束时仅进行了7-9分钟，改善了10周龄培训后的神经肌肉和体育特异性。

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