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首页> 外文OA文献 >Pyrolysis of asphaltenes and biomarkers for the fingerprinting of the _Amoco Cadiz_ oil spill after 23 years
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Pyrolysis of asphaltenes and biomarkers for the fingerprinting of the _Amoco Cadiz_ oil spill after 23 years

机译：沥青质和生物标记物的热解用于23年后_Amoco Cadiz_溢油的指纹识别

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摘要

The chemical composition of the petroleum products accidently or deliberately released in the environment varies considerably with time under the action of biological (biodegradation) and physico-chemical (photo-oxidation) processes. It becomes more and more difficult to trace the origin of the oil spilled. A technique widely used for monitoring ancient oil pollutions is the study of oil biomarkers like terpanes and steranes^1,2^. Here we show that the geochemical technique of asphaltenes pyrolysis can be successfully applied to environmental samples. This method allows the reconstitution of the original oil from the asphaltenes fraction of severely degraded oil residues. We applied the two techniques: biomarkers analysis and pyrolysis of asphaltenes to the long-term characterisation of the _Amoco Cadiz_ oil 23 years after the spill in the salt marshes of Ile Grande, Northern Brittany, France. The results show that the oil reached the ultimate degradation stage. The total biodegradation rate was 60% relatively to initial oil. The asphaltenes pyrolysis generated a gas-chromatographic profile very similar to the original _Amoco Cadiz_ oil. In the biomarkers fraction, gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) analyses demonstrated that terpanes were conserved whereas steranes were partly degraded. We also showed that the class of seco-hopanes biomarkers are conserved and can be used in the long term monitoring of oil pollutions.
机译：在生物（生物降解）和物理化学（光氧化）过程的作用下，偶然或有意释放到环境中的石油产品的化学成分会随时间发生很大变化。追踪溢油的来源变得越来越困难。广泛用于监测古代石油污染的技术是对石油生物标记物（例如萜烯和甾烷）1,2,2的研究。在这里，我们表明沥青质热解的地球化学技术可以成功地应用于环境样品。该方法允许从严重降解的油渣的沥青质馏分中重构原始油。在法国布列塔尼北部大盐沼溢油事故发生23年后，我们对沥青质的生物标记物进行了生物特征分析和沥青质的热解这两种技术的长期表征。结果表明，该油达到了最终降解阶段。相对于初始油，总生物降解率为60％。沥青质热解产生的气相色谱图非常类似于原始的_Amoco Cadiz_油。在生物标志物级分中，气相色谱/质谱（GC / MS）分析表明，萜烯是保守的，而甾烷则部分降解。我们还表明，山核桃型生物标记物是保守的，可用于油污的长期监测。

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    Jean Oudot; Fr#xe9;

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  • 年度 2009
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