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Does Autonomy Matter? Subnational Governments and the Challenge of Vertical Policy Integration for Sustainable Development: A Comparative Analysis of Quebec, Flanders, North Rhine-Westphalia and North Holland

机译：自治很重要吗？地方政府与垂直政策整合对可持续发展的挑战：魁北克，法兰德斯，北莱茵-威斯特法伦州和北荷兰省的比较分析

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摘要

Sustainable development needs to be tackled at all governmental levels. Moreover, policies need to be integrated, horizontally and vertically. This article studies the efforts of subnational governments and their strategies towards vertical policy integration. Four cases are compared: Quebec (Canada), Flanders (Belgium), North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) and North Holland (the Netherlands). The assumption is that their approach is determined by their degree of autonomy, which involves their competences within their own borders (self-rule), and their influence on national decision making (shared rule). The findings, however, show that degree of autonomy does not shape the subnational governments’ stance towards vertical policy integration for sustainable development. Rather, it is influenced by other factors, such as political dynamics. The analysis also puts forward that the degree of self-rule of subnational governments has a large influence on the content of sustainable development policies, not only at the subnational, but also at the national level.
机译：可持续发展需要在所有政府层面上解决。此外，政策需要水平和垂直整合。本文研究了地方政府的努力及其针对纵向政策整合的策略。比较了四个案例：魁北克（加拿大），法兰德斯（比利时），北莱茵-威斯特法伦州（德国）和北荷兰省（荷兰）。假设他们的方法是由他们的自治程度决定的，这涉及他们在自己国界内的能力（自治）和他们对国家决策的影响（共同规则）。然而，调查结果表明，自治程度并没有影响地方政府对可持续发展的垂直政策整合的立场。相反，它受其他因素的影响，例如政治动态。分析还提出，地方政府的自治程度不仅对地方政府而且对国家一级的可持续发展政策的内容都有很大的影响。

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    Happaerts Sander;

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