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Sociological implications of scientific publishing: Open access, science, society, democracy, and the digital divide

机译:科学出版的社会学意义:开放获取,科学,社会,民主和数字鸿沟

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摘要

Claims for open access are mostly underpinned with1. science–related arguments (open access accelerates scientific communication);2. financial arguments (open access relieves the serials crisis);3. social arguments (open access reduces the digital divide);4. democracy–related arguments (open access facilitates participation); and,5. socio–political arguments (open access levels disparities).Using sociological concepts and notions, this article focuses strongly on Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of (scientific) capital and its implications for the acceptance of open access, Michel Foucault’s discourse analysis and the implications of open access for the concept of the digital divide. Bourdieu’s theory of capital implies that the acceptance of open access depends on the logic of power and the accumulation of scientific capital. It does not depend on slogans derived from hagiographic self–perceptions of science (e.g., the acceleration of scientific communication) and scientists (e.g., their will to share their information freely). According to Bourdieu’s theory, it is crucial for open access (and associated concepts like alternative impact metrics) to understand how scientists perceive its potential influence on existing processes of capital accumulation and how open access will affect their demand for status. Foucault’s discourse analysis suggests that open access may intensify disparities, scientocentrism and ethnocentrism. Additionally, several concepts from the philosophy of sciences (Popper, Kuhn, Feyerabend) and their implicit connection to the concept of open access are described in this paper.
机译:公开访问的要求主要以[1]为依据。与科学有关的论点(开放获取可加速科学交流); 2。财务论点(开放获取缓解了系列危机); 3。社会争论(开放获取减少了数字鸿沟); 4。与民主有关的论点(开放获取促进参与);并且,5。社会政治论点(开放获取水平的差异)。本文使用社会学的概念和观念,着重研究Pierre Bourdieu的(科学)资本理论及其对接受开放获取的含义,米歇尔·福柯的话语分析以及开放获取的含义数字鸿沟的概念。布迪厄的资本理论意味着对开放获取的接受取决于权力的逻辑和科学资本的积累。它不依赖于对医学的全息自我看法(例如,加速科学交流)和科学家(例如,他们自由共享信息的意愿)的口号。根据布迪厄(Bourdieu)的理论,了解科学家如何看待其对现有资本积累过程的潜在影响,以及开放获取将如何影响其地位要求,对于开放获取(以及相关概念,如替代影响指标)至关重要。福柯的话语分析表明,开放获取可能加剧差距,科学中心主义和民族中心主义。此外,本文还介绍了一些科学哲学的概念(Popper,Kuhn,Feyerabend)及其与开放访问概念的隐式联系。

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    Herb Ulrich;

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  • 年度 2010
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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 {"code":"en","name":"English","id":9}
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