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首页> 外文OA文献 >A study of obsidian in prehistoric central and Eastern Europe, and it's trace element characterization. An analytically-based study of archaeological obsidian in Central and Eastern Europe, an investigation of obsidian sources in this area, and the characterization of these obsidians using neutron activation analysis.
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A study of obsidian in prehistoric central and Eastern Europe, and it's trace element characterization. An analytically-based study of archaeological obsidian in Central and Eastern Europe, an investigation of obsidian sources in this area, and the characterization of these obsidians using neutron activation analysis.

机译：对史前中欧和东欧黑曜石的研究及其痕量元素表征。基于分析的中欧和东欧考古黑曜石研究，该地区黑曜石来源调查以及使用中子活化分析对这些黑曜石进行表征。

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摘要

Fieldwork in the Zemplen Mountain area of north-easternudHungary showed that there are at least eight geologicaludsources of obsidian here, five of which have obsidian of audworkable quality. There are a further three sources in theudSlovak Zemplen, all of which provide workable obsidian.udSources in Central Slovakia are highly devitrified and notuduseable, and reported sources in Rumania had been discountedudearlier (Nandris, 1975). Forty-six samples of obsidianudfrom the Zemplen sources, and 293 pieces from 87 archaeologicaludsites in Central and Eastern Europe, were analysed by neutronudactivation analysis for 15 trace and two major elements.udThe trace elements used included those which are geochemicallyudlikely to show the greatest variation between differentudobsidian sources, and which are not badly affected byuddevitrification and hydration of the obsidian, for exampleudthe rare earth elements. The analytical data was processedudusing Cluster Analysis. 242 of the archaeological samplesudcame from Slovak sources, 22 from Hungarian sources, 9 fromudLipari and 5 from Melos. In addition, 6 samples wereudtentatively assigned to Carpathian sources, and 9 could notudbe assigned to any source. Obsidian from the ZemplenudMountains was distributed up to a distance of approximatelyud480 km from the sources; it was used extensively in Slovakiaudand Hungary and reached southern Poland, Austria, Moravia,udcentral Yugoslavia, north-east Italy and central Rumania.udObsidian use in central and eastern Europe began in theudMousterian period. The earliest pieces analysed wereudAurignacian and came from Hungarian sources. Later, in theudGravettian, Slovakian sources began to be exploited andudremained predominant until obsidian use declined sharply inudthe Later Neolithic, and Copper and Bronze Ages. TheudCarpathian obsidian distribution overlaps with the Liparianuddistribution at one site in north-east Italy. There is noudevidence for an overlap with Aegean or Near Eastern sources.udThe rate of fall off of obsidian away from the sourcesudsuggests a down-the-line trading mechanism.
机译：匈牙利东北部齐普伦山区的野外工作表明，这里至少有8个黑曜石的地质来源，其中有5个具有可加工质量的黑曜石。 ud斯洛伐克Zemplen中还有另外三个来源，所有这些来源都提供了可行的黑曜石。 ud斯洛伐克中部的来源高度失透并且不可用，据报道罗马尼亚的来源​​被打折了 udearly（Nandris，1975）。通过中子/失活分析分析了来自Zemplen来源的黑曜石 ud的四十六个样品以及来自中欧和东欧87个考古 udsite的293件，分析了15个痕迹和两个主要元素。 ud所用的痕量元素包括在地球化学上很可能显示出不同的世界最大的变化，并且不会受到黑曜石的失透和水化，例如稀土元素。使用聚类分析处理了分析数据。来自斯洛伐克的242份考古样本来自匈牙利的22份，来自 udLipari的9份和来自Melos的5份。另外，有6个样本被仔细地分配给了喀尔巴阡山脉的源，而有9个样本没有被分配给任何喀尔巴阡山脉的源。 Zemplen udMountains的黑曜石分布在距源头约 ud480 km的距离处。它在斯洛伐克 udand匈牙利得到广泛使用，并到达波兰南部，奥地利，摩拉维亚，南斯拉夫中部，意大利东北部和罗马尼亚中部。 ud黑曜石在 udMusterian时期开始在中欧和东欧使用。分析的最早作品是 udAurignacian，来自匈牙利。后来，在格拉维蒂安地区，开始使用斯洛伐克的资源，并且在以后的新石器时代以及铜，青铜时代，黑曜石的使用量急剧下降，直到此之后，斯洛伐克的来源才占主导地位。 ud喀尔巴阡黑曜石分布与意大利东北部一个站点的Liparian ud分布重叠。没有证据表明与爱琴海或近东资源有重叠。 ud黑曜石从源头上脱落下来的比率建议采用线下交易机制。

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    Thorpe Olwen Williams;

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  • 年度 1978
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