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>Life course socioeconomic position, health behaviours and cognitive function in middle-aged and older persons in four Central and Eastern European populations: findings from the HAPIEE study
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Life course socioeconomic position, health behaviours and cognitive function in middle-aged and older persons in four Central and Eastern European populations: findings from the HAPIEE study
Identifying risk factors associated with normal cognitive ageing is a prerequisite for understanding dementia. Potential modifiable risk factors include socioeconomic factors and health behaviours. This thesis investigated the importance of life course socioeconomic position (SEP) and two core health behaviours, alcohol consumption and smoking, for mid-late life cognitive function in four previously unstudied Central and Eastern European populations with historically smaller income inequalities and significant contributions of alcohol and smoking to the high premature mortality in these populations.ududThe thesis used data from over 29,000 men and women aged 45-78 from random population samples in Novosibirsk (Russia), Krakow (Poland), Kaunas (Lithuania) and six Czech towns participating in the HAPIEE study. Cognitive function was measured using four tests of fluid cognition. SEP measures, alcohol consumption and smoking were self-reported using structured interviews.ududStructural equation analyses revealed significant associations between SEP measures from across the life course and cognition. Education consistently showed the strongest association with cognition and some accumulation of disadvantage across the life course was observed, similar to studies in Western countries. However, variation in magnitude of these associations across centres may partly reflect the influence of contextual factors.ududRegression analyses showed modest associations of cognitive function with alcohol and smoking, and neither of these behaviours appeared to significantly mediate the associations between life course SEP and cognition. An inverted U-shaped association indicated slightly worse cognitive performance among male heavy drinkers and lower scores in non-drinkers, compared to light drinkers. Binge drinking and alcohol type were not associated with cognitive performance. Smoking was associated with poorer mental speed in both genders but not with any other cognitive test.ududThe findings suggest a pattern of associations between life course SEP and cognition similar to Western populations and modest associations of alcohol and smoking with mid-late life cognitive performance in these Central and Eastern European populations.
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机译：识别与正常认知衰老相关的危险因素是了解痴呆症的前提。潜在的可修改风险因素包括社会经济因素和健康行为。本文研究了生命历程中的社会经济地位（SEP）和两个核心健康行为（饮酒和吸烟）对于四个以前未被研究过的中欧和东欧人口的中晚期生命认知功能的重要性，这些人口在历史上收入差距较小，并且酒精的贡献显着 ud ud本文使用了来自新西伯利亚（俄罗斯），克拉科夫（波兰），考纳斯（立陶宛）和六个捷克共和国的随机样本的29,000多名年龄在45-78岁之间的男女数据参加HAPIEE研究的城镇。使用四种液体认知测试来测量认知功能。通过结构化访谈自我报告了SEP措施，饮酒量和吸烟。 ud ud结构方程分析显示，整个生命过程中SEP措施与认知之间存在显着关联。与西方国家的研究相似，教育始终显示出与认知之间最紧密的联系，并且在整个生命过程中观察到了一些不利条件的积累。但是，各个中心之间这些关联的强度变化可能部分反映了上下文因素的影响。 ud ud回归分析显示，认知功能与酗酒和吸烟之间存在适度的关联，并且这些行为均未显着调节生活过程SEP之间的关联。和认知。与轻度饮酒者相比，倒U型关联表明男性重度饮酒者的认知能力稍差，非饮酒者的得分较低。酗酒和酗酒与认知能力无关。吸烟与两性心理速度较慢有关，但与其他任何认知测验均无关系。 ud ud研究结果表明，人生过程SEP与认知之间的关联模式类似于西方人群，酒精与吸烟与中晚期生活之间的适度关联这些中东欧国家的认知能力。
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