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Federal Permitting Issues Related to Offshore Wind Energy, Using the Cape Wind Project in Massachusetts as an Illustration

机译：与海上风能相关的联邦许可问题，以马萨诸塞州的Cape Wind项目为例

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Cape Wind Associates, LLC in Massachusetts intends to build a 130-turbine wind park off of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, in federal waters. The wind park would generate an average output great enough to power about three-quarters of the Cape’s energy needs.Construction of this project required two permits from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: one for a single data tower, and one for the overall wind park. To date, the Corps has granted the data tower permit. This has been the subject of litigation in Massachusetts state and federal courts. The Corps is also conducting a lengthy environmental review of the wind park, with a permit decision expected in late 2004.The are two major legal issues: (1) does the Corps have authority to permit structures that are not used for gas, oil, and mineral extraction on the outer continental shelf; and (2) should the Corps include the data tower in its environmental impact review. These questions involve the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, and applicable CEQ regulations.The paper also examines recently proposed legislation in Congress, including the 2004 Energy Bill, all of which seek to establish a new permitting system for offshore wind energy.
机译：位于马萨诸塞州的Cape Wind Associates，LLC打算在联邦水域中在马萨诸塞州科德角附近建造一个130涡轮机的风电场。风电场的平均输出功率足以满足开普省约四分之三的能源需求。该项目的建设需要获得美国陆军工程兵团的两份许可：一份用于单个数据塔，另一份用于整体风能。公园。迄今为止，兵团已授予数据塔许可证。这一直是马萨诸塞州州和联邦法院的诉讼主题。兵团还对风电场进行了长期的环境审查，预计将于2004年底做出许可决定。这是两个主要的法律问题：（1）兵团是否有权许可不用于天然气，石油，在外大陆架上进行矿物开采； （2）兵团是否应在其环境影响评估中包括数据塔。这些问题涉及《外部大陆架土地法》，《国家环境政策法》和适用的CEQ法规。本文还研究了国会最近提议的立法，包括2004年《能源法案》，所有这些立法都在寻求建立新的海上风能许可制度。能源。

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    Utzinger Thomas A.;

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