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Households’ willingness to engage in demand response in the Finnish retail electricity market: an empirical study

机译：家庭在芬兰零售电力市场中参与需求响应的意愿：一项实证研究

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摘要

If electricity users adjusted their consumption patterns according to time-variable electricityprices or other signals about the state of the power system, generation and network assets couldbe used more efficiently, and matching intermittent renewable power generation with electricitydemand would be facilitated. This kind of adjustment of electricity consumption, or demandresponse, may be based on consumers’ decisions to shift or reduce electricity use in response totime-variable electricity prices or on the remote control of consumers’ electric appliances.However, while demand response is suggested as a solution to many issues in power systems,actual experiences from demand response programs with residential customers are mainly limitedto short pilots with a small number of voluntary participants, and information about what kindsof changes consumers are willing and able to make and what motivates these changes is scarce.This doctoral dissertation contributes to the knowledge about what kinds of factors impact onresidential consumers’ willingness and ability to take part in demand response. Savingopportunities calculated with actual price data from the Finnish retail electricity market arecompared with the occurred supplier switching to generate a first estimate about how largesavings could trigger action also in the case of demand response. Residential consumers’ motivesto participate in demand response are also studied by a web-based survey with 2103 responses.Further, experiences of households with electricity consumption monitoring systems arediscussed to increase knowledge about consumers’ interest in getting more information on theirelectricity use and adjusting their behavior based on it. Impacts of information on willingness toparticipate in demand response programs are also approached by a survey for experts of theirwillingness to engage in demand response activities. Residential customers seem ready to allow remote control of electric appliances that does notrequire changes in their everyday routines. Based on residents’ own activity, the electricityconsuming activities that are considered shiftable are very limited. In both cases, the savings inelectricity costs required to allow remote control or to engage in demand response activities arerelatively high. Nonmonetary incentives appeal to fewer households.
机译：如果电力用户根据随时间变化的电价或其他有关电力系统状态的信号来调整其消费方式，则发电和网络资产将得到更有效的利用，从而使间歇性可再生能源发电与电力需求相匹配。这种用电量的调整或需求响应可能是基于消费者为响应随时间变化的电价而改变或减少用电量的决定，或者是基于消费者对家用电器的远程控制。解决电力系统中许多问题的方法，来自居民客户的需求响应计划的实际经验主要限于具有少量自愿参与者的短期飞行员，有关消费者愿意并能够做出哪些改变以及促使这些改变的信息是该博士论文有助于人们了解哪些因素会影响居民消费者的需求意愿和参与需求反应的能力。用来自芬兰零售电力市场的实际价格数据计算出的储蓄机会与发生的供应商转换进行比较，以初步估计在需求响应的情况下，巨大的储蓄可以触发行动。基于2103个响应的网络调查还研究了居民消费者参与需求响应的动机。此外，讨论了用电监控系统的家庭的经验，以增加对消费者兴趣的知识，以获取有关其用电量的更多信息并调整其行为基于它。一项针对专家参与需求响应活动的意愿的调查还探讨了信息对参与需求响应计划的意愿的影响。居民用户似乎准备允许远程控制不需要在日常工作中进行更改的电器。根据居民自己的活动，可以转移的用电活动非常有限。在这两种情况下，允许远程控制或参与需求响应活动所需的节省电费都相对较高。非货币激励措施吸引了更少的家庭。

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    Annala Salla;

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