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Government-as-a-platform: enabling participation in a government service innovation ecosystem

机译：作为平台的政府：支持政府服务创新生态系统的参与

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Platforms are revolutionizing every dimension of our economy, society and lives. They are changing boundaries, tasks and power structures of existing industry ecosystems as well as the nature of competition in different markets. The core driver for this transformation is that platforms provide potential for a new kind of value creation by allowing organizations to create entire ecosystems that leverage the expertise of a diverse pool of external complementors, resulting in an unprecedented scope of innovation. As a result, it has been suggested that government-as-a-platform, which is simply defined as a government service innovation ecosystem, could be a revolutionary solution for improving public service delivery.The most critical determinant of any platform’s success is its ability to attract participants to join and contribute to it, since on its own a platform cannot create value. The objective of this study was to discover how a government service innovation ecosystem, government-as-a-platform, should be designed so that different groups of actors, such as public and private sector organizations, would want to contribute to it, and generate innovative solutions for delivering public services in an improved way. The empirical part of this study was conducted as an embedded single case study focusing on the healthcare industry. Research data was collected through semi-structured thematic interviews with Finnish public and private sector actors representing different sides of the platform. Data analysis was performed as an iterative process, which included transcription, categorization and coding, and eventually synthesis of the data. Furthermore, the research findings were compared with existing literature to improve the validity and conceptual level of the findings. The research findings demonstrate that a platform that is open, flexible, transparent and accessible attracts participation. More specifically, convenience in terms of quick, easy and agile processes, as well as information about the platform is critical for platform contribution. In terms of participant motivations, company recognition, learning, knowledge sharing and contribution to the greater good were discovered to drive platform participation. In addition, the research findings revealed that factors related to benefits provided by the platform, such as market access and operational efficiencies, encourage platform participation. Finally, it was noted that a supporting infrastructure, which consists of processes, organizational structures, regulation, leadership and a common vision should be in place to facilitate the existence of platforms.
机译：平台正在彻底改变我们经济，社会和生活的方方面面。它们正在改变现有行业生态系统的边界，任务和权力结构，以及不同市场中竞争的性质。这种转变的核心驱动力是，平台允许组织创建利用各种外部补充者的专业知识的整个生态系统，从而为新型价值创造提供潜力，从而实现了前所未有的创新范围。结果表明，简单定义为政府服务创新生态系统的政府即平台可能是改善公共服务交付的革命性解决方案。任何平台成功的最关键因素是其能力吸引参与者加入并为此做出贡献，因为平台本身无法创造价值。这项研究的目的是发现应该如何设计政府服务创新生态系统（即平台即政府），以便不同的参与者团体（如公共和私营部门组织）希望对此作出贡献并产生用于改进公共服务的创新解决方案。本研究的实证部分是针对医疗行业的嵌入式单案例研究。研究数据是通过与代表平台不同方面的芬兰公共和私营部门参与者进行的半结构化专题访谈收集的。数据分析是一个反复的过程，包括转录，分类和编码，以及最终的数据合成。此外，将研究结果与现有文献进行比较，以提高研究结果的有效性和概念性水平。研究结果表明，开放，灵活，透明和可访问的平台吸引了人们的参与。更具体地说，在快速，轻松和敏捷的流程方面的便利以及有关平台的信息对于平台贡献至关重要。就参与者的动机而言，发现公司的认可，学习，知识共享以及对更大利益的贡献可推动平台的参与。此外，研究结果表明，与平台提供的收益相关的因素（如市场准入和运营效率）鼓励平台参与。最后，应指出的是，应建立由流程，组织结构，法规，领导力和共同愿景组成的支持基础设施，以便利平台的存在。

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