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Thermoresponsive polymer micropatterns fabricated by dip-pen nanolithography for a highly controllable substrate with potential cellular applications

机译：通过浸笔式纳米光刻技术制造的具有热响应性的聚合物微图案，可用于具有潜在细胞应用的高度可控基材

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We report a novel approach for patterning thermoresponsive hydrogels based on N,N-diethylacrylamide (DEAAm) and bifunctional Jeffamine ED-600 by dip-pen nanolithography (DPN). The direct writing of micron-sized thermoresponsive polymer spots was achieved with efficient control over feature size. A Jeffamine-based ink prepared through the combination of organic polymers, such as DEAAm, in an inorganic silica network was used to print thermosensitive arrays on a thiol-silanised silicon oxide substrate. The use of a Jeffamine hydrogel, acting as a carrier matrix, allowed a reduction in the evaporation of ink molecules with high volatility, such as DEAAm, and facilitated the transfer of ink from tip to substrate. The thermoresponsive behaviour of polymer arrays which swell/de-swell in aqueous solution in response to a change in temperature was successfully characterised by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy: a thermally-induced change in height and hydration state was observed, respectively. Finally, we demonstrate that cells can adhere to and interact with these dynamic features and exhibit a change in behaviour when cultured on the substrates above and below the transition temperature of the Jeffamine/DEAAm thermoresponsive hydrogels. This demonstrates the potential of these micropatterned hydrogels to act as a controllable surface for cell growth.
机译：我们报告了一种新颖的方法，用于通过浸笔纳米光刻（DPN）对基于N，N-二乙基丙烯酰胺（DEAAm）和双功能Jeffamine ED-600的热敏水凝胶进行图案化。通过有效控制特征尺寸，可以直接写入微米大小的热响应性聚合物斑点。通过在无机二氧化硅网络中通过有机聚合物（例如DEAAm）的组合制备的基于Jeffamine的墨水可在硫醇硅烷化的氧化硅基板上打印热敏阵列。使用作为载体基质的Jeffamine水凝胶可减少挥发性高的油墨分子（例如DEAAm）的蒸发，并有助于油墨从笔尖转移到基材上。通过原子力显微镜（AFM）和拉曼光谱法成功表征了响应温度变化而在水溶液中溶胀/消溶的聚合物阵列的热响应行为：分别观察到热引起的高度和水合状态的变化。最后，我们证明了当细胞培养在高于或低于Jeffamine / DEAAm热敏水凝胶的转变温度的底物上时，细胞可以粘附并与这些动态特征相互作用并表现出行为变化。这证明了这些具有微图案的水凝胶有可能用作细胞生长的可控表面。

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