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Multi-scale governance in agriculture systems: Interplay between national and local institutions around the production dimension of food security in Mali

机译：农业系统的多尺度治理：国家和地方机构在马里粮食安全生产层面上的相互作用

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Enforcement of rules and laws designed at the national level is still one of the dominant institutional mechanisms for effective multiscale governance in most countries. At times, such blanket regulations are not only unable to meet practical needs at local levels, but they may conflict with local institutional logics, thereby creating new challenges. This study looks at three institutional arrangements in the agriculture and food security sector in the district of Koutiala, Mali to analyse the institutional variety across scale and the underlying institutional logics. On one side, the Cooperative Law as well as the Seed Law both designed at national level to enable famers’ access to agriculture services and improved seeds have yielded mixed results with regard to anticipated outcomes. The cooperative law is believed to degrade the social cohesion and the mutual support on which vulnerable farmers rely when facing climatic and non-climatic risks whereas the new seed system is found onerous and unaffordable for farmers. On the other side, the local convention for the management of natural resources established as part of ongoing decentralised governance policy seems to resonate with local culture but challenged by other stakeholders. Through exploring these cases, this paper tests bricolage as an analytical framework for doing an institutional diagnostic. It aims at contributing to methodological and theoretical insights on the way sustainable institutions can be generated in conflicting institutional logics in the context of multi-scale governance.
机译：在大多数国家，执行国家一级制定的规则和法律仍然是有效多尺度治理的主要体制机制之一。有时，这样的一揽子规定不仅不能满足地方层面的实际需求，而且可能与地方机构逻辑相抵触，从而带来了新的挑战。这项研究着眼于马里库蒂亚拉区农业和粮食安全部门的三种制度安排，以分析跨规模的制度多样性和潜在的制度逻辑。一方面，在国家一级制定的《合作法》和《种子法》，使农民能够获得农业服务并改良种子，在预期成果方面产生了不同的结果。人们认为，合作法降低了弱势农民在面临气候和非气候风险时所依赖的社会凝聚力和相互支持，而新的种子制度却给农民带来了沉重且负担不起的费用。另一方面，作为正在进行的权力下放治理政策的一部分而制定的地方自然资源管理公约似乎与当地文化产生了共鸣，但受到其他利益相关者的挑战。通过探索这些案例，本文将Bricolage作为进行机构诊断的分析框架进行测试。它旨在为在多尺度治理的背景下，在相互冲突的制度逻辑中产生可持续制度的方式，提供方法和理论上的见识。

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