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首页> 外文OA文献 >Evaluating the Extent of Pressure and Level of Harassment Exerted on Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) During 'Swim-With' Tours in Panama City Beach, FL
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Evaluating the Extent of Pressure and Level of Harassment Exerted on Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) During 'Swim-With' Tours in Panama City Beach, FL

机译：评估在巴拿马城海​​滩，佛罗里达州“游泳”游览期间对宽吻海豚（Tursiops truncatus）施加的压力程度和骚扰程度

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Federal and state management agencies have attempted to address the harassment and illegal feeding of wild dolphins in the United States, but few studies have evaluated the efficacy of these interventions. In 1998, Samuels and Bejder conducted a study contracted by the Marine Mammal Commission to document the number of dolphins affected by illegal feeding and harassment in Panama City Beach, FL. Since the results of their study, more resources have been allocated towards increasing the presence of undercover officers on dolphin tour boats, fines have been issued for counts of illegal feeding, and there has been an increase in education and outreach efforts. The present study reevaluates the current level of harassment and illegal feeding towards dolphins in Panama City Beach, FL, which can be used as a comparison to the work of Samuels and Bejder and subsequent management actions. In the study, I conducted 10 hours of detailed observations over five days to quantify the number of vessels and swimmers surrounding dolphins during tours, assess the type and frequency of harassment behaviors in the presence and absence of Marine Patrol vessels, and discuss dolphin responses to harassment behavior. On average, I recorded 1.4 boats, 1.1 jet skis and 0.7 swimmers surrounding an individual dolphin. The most common harassment behaviors included chasing, luring and corralling dolphins. The frequency of harassment was significantly greater when the Marine Patrol was absent; I observed 75 harassment behaviors in their absence and only six in their presence. Lastly, most dolphin responses observed were expected from the conditioned status of that animal. These findings suggest that dolphins are rarely alleviated from anthropogenic pressure during tours and that harassment and illegal feeding is still prevalent, however, significantly lessened in the presence of Marine Patrol. These results and conclusions offer a benchmark to inform future management actions under the Marine Mammal Protection Act.
机译：联邦和州管理机构已尝试解决美国野生海豚的骚扰和非法喂养问题，但很少有研究评估这些干预措施的功效。 1998年，Samuels和Bejder进行了一项由海洋哺乳动物委员会签定的研究，以记录佛罗里达州巴拿马城海​​滩受到非法喂养和骚扰影响的海豚数量。自从研究结果以来，已经分配了更多的资源来增加海豚游船上的卧底人员的数量，对非法喂食的行为处以罚款，并加大了教育和宣传力度。本研究重新评估了佛罗里达州巴拿马城海​​滩对海豚的骚扰和非法喂食的当前水平，可以将其与塞缪尔和贝杰德的工作以及随后的管理行动进行比较。在这项研究中，我在五天内进行了10个小时的详细观察，以量化游览过程中围绕海豚的船只和游泳者的数量，评估在有和没有Marine Patrol船只的情况下骚扰行为的类型和频率，并讨论海豚对骚扰行为。平均而言，我记录了围绕一只海豚的1.4艘船，1.1艘摩托艇和0.7个游泳者。最常见的骚扰行为包括追逐，引诱和束缚海豚。当没有海上巡逻时，骚扰的频率明显增加。我观察到在他们不在时有75次骚扰行为，在他们面前只有六次。最后，观察到的大多数海豚反应均是根据该动物的状况而定。这些发现表明，在旅行过程中，海豚很少能从人为压力中得到缓解，并且骚扰和非法喂养仍然很普遍，但是在有Marine Patrol的情况下，海豚的使用大大减少了。这些结果和结论提供了基准，可为根据《海洋哺乳动物保护法》制定的未来管理行动提供依据。

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    Machernis Abigail;

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