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Bottlenecks of SME in services and craft enterprises and their elimination in rural areas of the Czech Republic: A trial to use traditional regional economic measures

机译：服务业和手工业企业中小企业的瓶颈及其在捷克共和国农村地区的消除：使用传统区域经济措施的试验

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摘要

Relatively few studies have explored the bottlenecks of SME of services and craft-enterprises in rural areas of the Czech Republic. On the basis of an theoretical and empirical approach in two sample regions in the Czech Republic these aspects are stressed. Starting form the obser-vation of differences in growth rates of new established enterprises between rural areas and agglomerations by shifts-share analysis a sector with strong locational influences on its development is identified and confirmed by a standardized questionnaire, which act also as measure to evaluate locational aspects of enterprises in these sector. The second section of this paper will stress variables that directly relate to the grading of location factors within local areas. Other data encompassed by the variables are descriptive. Some variables deal with the question of education skills of workers. We have also included data on total employment controlling for age and gender. Development performance of the enterprises will be assessed on the basis of their strengths and their weaknesses. Another set of variables concern human resources. A final set of variables pertain to the geographical linkages between region and enterprises, which have been recognized as important factors in the development of small firms. At issue is here, whether there are patterns of geographical linkages correlated with the local industrial mix. Variables such as local, statewide, and national technical input linkages address questions about non- material backward or input linkages. These linkages refer to a wide range of facilities or services such as research and technology centers as well as external services. Variables concerning forward or market linkages include sales of the enterprises in various regions. Another set of variables encompassed information on investment and venture capital. On the basis and knowledge of the current programs for SME development in the Czech Re-public the third sector will try to elaborate an structural policy approach which stress measures for assistance in regional development by a focus on networking as well in enterprises as in public organizations and between organizations and enterprises. This institutional approach makes it possible to draw some conclusions for future research on rural development in transition economies as well as an contribution to help the development of transition economies. In the last sector, an integrated policy approach for the rural development will be made and its impact on the current organization of the state and its territorial institutions.
机译：相对较少的研究探索了捷克共和国农村地区服务业和手工业企业的中小企业的瓶颈。在捷克共和国的两个样本区域中，基于理论和经验方法，这些方面都得到了强调。通过转移份额分析从观察农村地区和集聚区之间新成立企业的增长率差异开始，通过标准问卷调查确定并确认了一个对其发展有重要影响的部门，这也可以作为评估方法这些部门中企业的地理位置。本文的第二部分将强调与本地区域中位置因子的等级直接相关的变量。变量包含的其他数据是描述性的。一些变量涉及工人的教育技能问题。我们还包括了控制年龄和性别的总就业数据。企业的发展绩效将根据其优势和劣势进行评估。另一组变量涉及人力资源。最后一组变量与区域和企业之间的地理联系有关，这已被认为是小企业发展的重要因素。问题在于这里是否存在与当地产业结构相关的地理联系模式。诸如地方，州范围和国家技术投入链接之类的变量解决了有关非实质性后向或投入联系的问题。这些链接涉及广泛的设施或服务，例如研究和技术中心以及外部服务。有关远期或市场联系的变量包括各个地区企业的销售额。另一组变量包括有关投资和风险投资的信息。在对捷克共和国目前的中小企业发展计划的了解和了解的基础上，第三部门将尝试制定一种结构性政策方法，该方法强调通过在网络以及企业和公共组织中的重点来协助区域发展的措施以及组织和企业之间。这种制度性的方法可以为今后关于转型经济国家农村发展的研究得出一些结论，并有助于发展转型经济。在最后一个部门，将采取一种综合的农村发展政策方针，并将其对当前国家组织及其领土机构产生影响。

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  • 作者

    Jehle Raimund;

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  • 年度 1998
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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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