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Central banks as agents of economic development

机译:中央银行作为经济发展的推动者

摘要

In the last two decades, there has been a global sea change in the theory and practice of central banking. The currently dominant u2018best practiceu2019 approach to central banking consists of the following: (1) central bank independence (2) a focus on inflation fighting (including adopting formal u2018inflation targetingu2019) and (3) the use of indirect methods of monetary policy (that is, short-term interest rates as opposed to direct methods such as credit ceilings). This paper argues that this neo-liberal approach to central banking is highly idiosyncratic in that, as a package, it is dramatically different from the historically dominant theory and practice of central banking, not only in the developing world, but, notably, in the now developed countries themselves. Throughout the early and recent history of central banking in the US, England, Europe, and elsewhere, financing governments, managing exchange rates, and supporting economic sectors by using u2018direct methodsu2019 of intervention have been among the most important tasks of central banking and, indeed, in many cases, were among the reasons for their existence. The neo-liberal central bank policy package, then, is drastically out of step with the history and dominant practice of central banking throughout most of its history. u2013 financing ; institutions ; central banks ; history ; development
机译:在过去的二十年中,中央银行的理论和实践发生了全球性的巨变。当前在中央银行中占主导地位的最佳实践方法包括:(1)中央银行独立性;(2)专注于抗击通货膨胀(包括采用针对性的 u2019inflation目标)和(3)使用间接方法货币政策(即短期利率,而不是信贷上限等直接方法)。本文认为,这种新自由主义的中央银行方法是高度特质的,因为它是一个整体,它与中央银行的历史主导理论和实践有很大的不同,不仅在发展中国家,而且尤其是在发展中国家。现在发达国家自己。在美国,英国,欧洲和其他地方的中央银行的早期和最近历史中,通过使用直接干预方法来为政府融资,管理汇率和支持经济部门一直是中央银行的最重要任务之一。实际上,在许多情况下,这也是它们存在的原因之一。因此,新自由主义中央银行的一揽子政策与中央银行在其大部分历史中的历史和主导实践大相径庭。 u2013融资;机构;中央银行;历史;发展

著录项

  • 作者

    Epstein Gerald;

  • 作者单位
  • 年度 2006
  • 总页数
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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