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首页> 外文OA文献 >The Practice and Importance of Chestnut Cultivation in Azerbaijan in the Face of Blight, Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr
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The Practice and Importance of Chestnut Cultivation in Azerbaijan in the Face of Blight, Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr

机译：面对枯萎病，Cryphonectria parasitica（murrill）Barr的阿塞拜疆板栗栽培的实践和重要性

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摘要

The arrival and spread of chestnut blight, caused by the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr, in Caucasian Azerbaijan has compromised the livelihoods of chestnut farmers and is causing rapid genetic erosion in the center of diversity for the European chestnut, Castanea sativa Mill. In Azerbaijan, blight was first reported in 2008 and is currently present in all chestnut-growing regions. Fortunately, there is a demonstrated biological control technique which may be applied in the context of Europe and Eurasia. This presents an opportunity to simultaneously achieve environmental and genetic resource conservation goals while reinforcing the livelihoods and maintenance of diversity of the nation’s chestnut growers. However, national institutions primarily recognize the economic and genetic importance of certain elite crops, particularly those which were prominent production goods during the Soviet period. The present work was undertaken to characterize the socio-economic role of chestnut production and use in the communities where this crop is grown and sold. We investigate the monetary role of chestnut sales in the livelihoods of growers and collectors. It is hypothesized that while continuing to be a minor production good nationally, chestnut sales in a newly entrepreneurial agricultural sector have taken on tremendous livelihood importance to specific communities. The socio-economic importance of chestnut-based income to Azerbaijan’s chestnut-growing communities is illustrated by the results of in-depth household budget interviews from 22 chestnut-growing households in two villages.
机译：在西班牙阿塞拜疆的高加索阿塞拜疆，由于真菌Cryphonectria parasitica（Murrill）Barr引起的板栗枯萎的到来和传播已经损害了板栗农民的生计，并在欧洲板栗Castanea sativa Mill的多样性中心造成了快速的基因侵蚀。在阿塞拜疆，2008年首次报告了疫病，目前在所有栗子种植地区都存在。幸运的是，有一种已证明的生物防治技术可以在欧洲和欧亚大陆使用。这为同时实现环境和遗传资源保护目标，同时加强该国板栗种植者的生计和维持多样性提供了机会。但是，国家机构主要认识到某些优良作物的经济和遗传重要性，特别是在苏联时期是重要的生产商品的作物。目前的工作是为了描述栗子生产和使用在该作物种植和销售社区的社会经济作用。我们调查了栗子销售在种植者和收藏者生计中的货币作用。可以假设，尽管全国范围内的栗子生产仍然是次要的产品，但在新兴的农业部门中，栗子的销售对特定社区的生计至关重要。栗子收入对阿塞拜疆栗子种植社区的社会经济重要性由两个村庄的22个栗子种植家庭进行的深入家庭预算访谈的结果得以说明。

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