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Literature review of Devonian source rocks and Devonian-sourced hydrocarbons in the Orcadian Basin

机译：Orcadian盆地泥盆系烃源岩和泥盆系烃类的文献综述

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This report summarises existing work on the Devonian source rocks and migrated oils in the Orcadian Basin. It aims to clarify the current literature with regards to the contribution of Devonian source rocks to proven hydrocarbon accumulations within the basin by providing a comprehensive summary of;ud the quality and maturity of the lacustrine source rocks;ud the evidence for Devonian oils in hydrocarbon fields, discoveries, shows and stains;ud perceived risks for Devonian-sourced plays.udGood quality oil-prone lacustrine source rocks are present in the Devonian both on- and offshore, and are believed to have co-sourced the three Inner Moray Firth oil fields – Beatrice, Lybster and Jacky. Thus an understanding of the distribution and burial history of the Devonian source rocks could be important in the search for new hydrocarbon discoveries in the region. The complex pre-, syn- and post-rift tectonic history has given rise to significant local variability in both the thickness of the Devonian section and the present-day thermal maturity. Offshore, determination of the extent of the Middle Devonian Orcadian Lake, the main source rock interval, is constrained by only a limited number of well penetrations of the Devonian interval centred on Quadrants 12 & 13, although an oil-correlation study by Robertson Research International (2001) suggested that Devonian source rocks may be developed as far east as Quadrant 15 and may therefore be more widespread than previously thought.udStudies have shown that Devonian-sourced oils have some key characteristics meaning they can confidently be differentiated from Jurassic-sourced oils. In particular, the presence of carotane and gammacerane (which can both be indicative of hyper-saline depositional environments), the absence of C28-bisnorhopane (commonly found within Jurassic sourced oils), the relatively light carbon isotope ratios and depletion of C27 steranes are distinguishing features when contrasted to Upper Jurassic to Middle Jurassic sourced hydrocarbons.udBasin modelling studies suggest that onshore, the Devonian source rock experienced early hydrocarbon generation, reaching mid-late oil window thermal maturity by the Late Palaeozoic. Offshore, the preferred model is for Mesozoic generation with the onset of oil generation from the Devonian lacustrine source rocks in the Beatrice Field kitchen area in the Early Cretaceous, negating the need to invoke long-range migration from mature Jurassic mudstones to charge the Beatrice structure.udThis report was completed before the Palaeozoic Project organic geochemistry work on the Orcadian area (Vane et al., 2016), to inform the scope of work on that study. As such, it does not integrate the results of the Palaeozoic organic geochemistry study. This report contains citations of donated proprietary and commercial reports.
机译：本报告总结了在Orcadian盆地泥盆纪烃源岩和迁移油方面的现有工作。它旨在通过提供以下方面的全面总结来澄清有关泥盆纪烃源岩对盆地内已探明油气成藏的贡献的文献：ud湖相烃源岩的质量和成熟度； ud泥盆纪证据油气领域，发现，显示和污渍中的石油； ud泥盆纪烃源岩的潜在风险。 ud泥盆纪陆上和近海均存在优质易生湖相烃源岩，据信这些烃源岩是共同来源的内海鳗圈三个油田–比阿特丽斯，莱布斯特和杰基。因此，了解泥盆纪烃源岩的分布和埋藏历史对寻找该地区的新油气发现可能具有重要意义。复杂的裂谷前，裂谷和裂谷后构造历史在泥盆纪剖面的厚度和当今的热成熟度方面引起了明显的局部变化。在海上，确定中泥盆纪奥卡德湖（主要的烃源岩层段）的范围受到了以象限12和13为中心的泥盆纪层段的一定数量的井眼穿透的限制，尽管罗伯逊研究国际组织进行了油相关性研究（2001）认为泥盆纪烃源岩可能向东延伸到象限15，因此可能比以前认为的更为广泛。 ud研究表明，泥盆纪烃源岩具有一些关键特征，这意味着它们可以自信地与侏罗纪烃源岩区分开。油。特别是，存在胡萝卜素和γ-甘油（两者都可以指示高盐沉积环境），不存在C28-双降冰片（通常在侏罗纪来源的油中发现），相对轻的碳同位素比和C27甾烷的耗竭。 udBasin模型研究表明，在陆上，泥盆纪烃源岩经历了早期烃生成，到晚古生代达到了中晚期油窗热成熟。在海上，首选模型是中生代，从早白垩世的比阿特丽斯油田厨房区的泥盆纪湖相烃源岩开始生油，从而消除了从成熟的侏罗纪泥岩中进行长距离运移来充填比阿特丽斯结构的必要性该报告是在Orcadian地区的古生代项目有机地球化学工作之前完成的（Vane等，2016），以告知该研究的工作范围。因此，它没有整合古生代有机地球化学研究的结果。该报告包含对捐赠的专有和商业报告的引用。

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    Greenhalgh E.;

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