A cell detection method, comprising: extracting a sample (S101); respectively preparing an L1 sample and a DNA ploidy and content analysis sample by using the sample (S102); detecting an expression state of L1 in a host cell in the L1 sample, detecting the DNA ploidy and content in the DNA ploidy and content analysis sample, and determining the performance of a cell in the sample according to the expression state of the L1 in the host cell and the DNA ploidy and content, wherein the performance of the cell comprises a normal state, a suspicious state, and an abnormal state (S103). According to the cell detection method, whether the cell is abnormal is determined according to the L1 expression state and the DNA ploidy and content, so that the abnormal state of the cells can be accurately detected.
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