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APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR SURFACE PLASMON-COUPLED DIRECTIONAL EMISSION
APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR SURFACE PLASMON-COUPLED DIRECTIONAL EMISSION
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机译：表面等离子耦合定向发射的装置和方法
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摘要
Methods and apparatus for fluorescence detection which can increase sensitivity by as much as 20 to 1000-fold are described. This method can preferably also decrease the contribution of sample autofluorescence to the detected signal. The method uses coupling of excited fluorophores with the surface plasmon resonance present in thin conductive films, for example silver, gold, aluminum, copper, or the like. The phenomenon of surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) occurs for fluorophores in a volume adjacent to the conductive layer. This interaction is independent of the mode of excitation, that is, does not require evanescent wave or surface-plasmon excitation. However, such modes of excitation can be advantageous. SPCE can occur over a narrow angular distribution, converting normally isotropic emission into easily collected directional emission. In preferred embodiments, up to 50% of the emission from unoriented samples can be collected, usually much more than typical fluorescence collection efficiencies, which can be 1% or less. Examples are presented showing how simple optical configurations can be used in diagnostics, sensing, or biotechnology applications. Surface plasmon-coupled emission is likely to find widespread applications throughout the biosciences.
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