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IMPEDANCE MATCHED SUPERCONDUCTING NANOWIRE PHOTODETECTOR FOR SINGLE- AND MULTI-PHOTON DETECTION
IMPEDANCE MATCHED SUPERCONDUCTING NANOWIRE PHOTODETECTOR FOR SINGLE- AND MULTI-PHOTON DETECTION
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机译：阻抗匹配的超导纳米线光电探测器，用于单光子和多光子检测
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摘要
Conventional readout of a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) sets an upper bound on the output voltage to be the product of the bias current and the load impedance, IB X Zload, where Zload is limited to 50/ Ω in standard RF electronics, This limit is broken/exceeded by interfacing the 50 Ω load and the SNSPD using an integrated superconducting transmission line taper. The taper is a transformer that effectively loads the SNSPD with high impedance without latching. The taper increases the amplitude of the detector output while preserving the fast rising edge. Using a taper with a starting width of 500 nm, a 3.6X higher pulse amplitude, 3.7x faster slew rate, and 25.1 ps smaller timing jitter was observed. The taper also makes the detector's output voltage sensitive to the number of photon-induced hotspots and enables photon number resolution.
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机译：传统纳米线单光子检测器（SNSPD）的常规读出将输出电压的上限设定为偏置电流和负载阻抗的乘积， b xz 负载，其中 z 负载在标准RF电子中限制为50 /Ω，通过接口50Ω负载来破坏/超出该限制和SNSPD使用集成的超导传输线锥度。锥度是一个变压器，有效地将SNSPD加载高阻抗而不锁定。锥度在保留快速上升沿时增加检测器输出的幅度。使用具有500nm的起始宽度的锥度，3.6倍脉冲幅度，3.7倍快，更快的转换速率和25.1ps较小的时序抖动。锥度还使探测器的输出电压对光子诱导的热点数量敏感，并实现了光子数分辨率。
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