This rotation accuracy measurement method is for measuring a rotation accuracy component by separating a shape error of an object to be measured and the rotation accuracy component through use of a plurality of displacement meters. In a first step (S3), a plurality of waveform signals indicating displacement are acquired by measuring, while rotating the object to be measured, displacement in distances between the displacement meters and the object to be measured by using the displacement meters. In a second step (S5), a similarity between the waveform signals is quantitatively assessed. In a third step (S6), the position of a displacement meter included in the displacement meters is adjusted so that the similarity becomes equal to or a higher than a prescribed value.
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