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破碎波

破碎波的相关文献在1989年到2022年内共计77篇,主要集中在水利工程、海洋学、水路运输 等领域,其中期刊论文66篇、会议论文1篇、专利文献63045篇;相关期刊35种,包括海岸工程、海洋与湖沼、港工技术等; 相关会议1种,包括第九届全国海岸工程学术讨论会等;破碎波的相关文献由156位作者贡献,包括王元战、邱大洪、唐军等。

破碎波—发文量

期刊论文>

论文:66 占比:0.10%

会议论文>

论文:1 占比:0.00%

专利文献>

论文:63045 占比:99.89%

总计:63112篇

破碎波—发文趋势图

破碎波

-研究学者

  • 王元战
  • 邱大洪
  • 唐军
  • 孙冰
  • 朱佳慧
  • 李炎保
  • 李青峰
  • 楼顺里
  • 沈永明
  • 潘昀
  • 期刊论文
  • 会议论文
  • 专利文献

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    • 台兵; 马玉祥; 杨思宇; 张华庆; 陈松贵; 董国海
    • 摘要: 波浪破碎是海洋中最常见的现象之一,其能够对海洋中的结构物产生巨大的波浪力作用.本文在大比尺波浪水槽通过聚焦波的方法生成了极端波浪和不同破碎阶段的破碎波浪,并对其冲击桩柱过程中的点压力进行了测量,进而采用连续小波变换的方法,对桩柱上点压力的分布及大小进行了细致分析.结果表明,多次重复试验下,相比非破碎极端波浪,破碎极端波浪产生的点压力离散性更强;波浪破碎程度越大,测点位置越靠近波峰,则点压力离散程度越大;破碎波的最大点压力出现在1.2倍的最大波面附近,且其大小可达3倍的最大静水压力;基于点压力小波谱,不同破碎阶段破碎波产生冲击作用不同,对于波浪作用桩柱前波浪已经发生破碎的情况,其冲击区域更大,点压力分布更复杂;而对于桩面破碎的情况,其造成的波浪总力更大.
    • 魏凯; 姜沫臣; 洪杰
    • 摘要: 当波浪由外海向跨海桥梁所在的近岸海域传播时,随着水深急剧变浅,波浪会发生破碎。强非线性的破碎波会给桥墩结构带来极大冲击作用。基于计算流体力学(CFD)数值软件Flow-3D建立三维数值水槽,造波边界设为斯托克斯五阶波。通过在数值水槽中建立逐渐浅化的三维地形,采用k-ω湍流模型求解雷诺平均N-S(RANS)方程,模拟破碎波冲击桥墩。与前人水槽试验及数值模拟结果进行比对,验证数值水槽的有效性。采用验证过的数值水槽,研究了不同入射波高和周期下的破碎波浪特性,计算了不同长宽比圆端形桥墩在不同入射波高的破碎波作用下受力和流场变化,讨论了最大压强作用点、准静态力和冲击力随桥墩长宽比的变化规律。研究表明:与前人试验和数值模拟相比,所建立的数值水槽具有较高精度;圆端形桥墩破波力随桥墩长宽比增大,先增大后趋于稳定,破波力峰值随着入射波高的增大而增大,同时,圆端形桥墩破波力峰值主要由冲击力控制。进行跨海桥梁圆端形桥墩设计时,应重点关注桥墩长宽比和破碎波冲击力的影响。
    • 严志宇; 任杰; 付红蕊; 孙冰
    • 摘要: 海上溢油行为的研究是预测其归宿、控制其危害的关键所在.由于目前对溢油下潜于水时所受多因素影响、经历多个子过程的综合效应不清,文章用挡板烧瓶模拟波浪,考察其行为特征.结果表明:波浪类型对下潜率影响最大,破碎波和规则波下油的下潜率差异可达79.8%;上浮过程的影响可使得下潜率随时间出现最大值,随分散剂含量的增加有最大值.对比静置中下潜率的变化规律,可认为波浪通过夹带和破碎作用使油下潜,分散剂则增加了下潜稳定性.实验结果可对海面溢油下潜过程的预测提供理论依据和实验数据.
    • 黄钰; 孙国民; 冯现洪
    • 摘要: 针对海底管道复杂近岸环境,对比远海环境论述复杂近岸区域独有的环境特点,分别从管道稳定性保护、预挖沟截面设计、工程回填设计等方面对海底管道设计技术进行研究.结合近岸区域的自然环境和人类活动特点,论述破碎波、落物冲击、沉船撞击、隆起屈曲、海床冲刷、安装施工等敏感因素对近岸段海底管道保护的影响,并结合DNV GL规范给出可用于工程评估的指导性设计方法及在设计中需要关注的问题,为处于复杂近岸环境下的海底管道设计提供技术支持.
    • 邓斌; 唐瑶; 蒋昌波; 王孟飞
    • 摘要: 为准确探讨破碎波作用下气体如何卷入以及气泡的形成与输运特性,文章结合粒子图像测速技术(particle image velocimetry,PIV)、高速相机和气泡测量系统,以及基于Navier-Stokes方程的三维数值模型对气泡形成及其运动过程进行研究.研究结果表明:文章建立的数值模型能合理地捕捉到破碎波作用下气体的卷入及其输运过程;波浪的破碎会形成较大的气腔,其破裂过程又将产生大量的气体微团;气泡会增加水体的紊动,造成水体与空气交界面附近形成大量的漩涡以及水体的飞溅;气泡的破裂会消耗大量的水体能量,同时发现较大的紊动动能与气泡的生成有关,且气泡数随平均紊动动能的增加呈线性增长关系.
    • 杭天渊; 刘凤; 王晓蕾; 叶松; 陈振涛
    • 摘要: 光纤探针法是一种适合观测波浪破碎瞬间卷入微气泡羽流的方法,现有的观测探针探头多采用塑料、玻璃等材质,存在脆性大、损耗大、不耐低温、易腐蚀等缺点,拟设计一种蓝宝石光纤探针克服其局限性,提升探测性能.文章在介绍光纤探针传感器测量原理的基础上,采用光学仿真软件Zemax建立了光纤探针传感器探头的仿真模型,并利用模型对其每针的材质、形状、角度等结构设计关键因素进行了优化设计,由仿真结果确定了每针形状为圆锥形、传输材质为蓝宝石.该仿真结果将为后续光纤探针传感器系统的整体设计及光路优化奠定基础.
    • 李晓亮
    • 摘要: 目前破碎波直立堤平均越浪量的估算值和影响因素的作用方面均存在显著差异,只有通过独立的试验校核才能使工程对这些成果的选择具有可靠依据。通过开展随机波物理模型试验,对目前代表性成果的越浪量估算值进行了系统校核,分析影响因素的作用规律以及产生估算差异的原因。结果表明:对周期和底坡坡度等主要影响因素的不同处理方式是导致现有成果间产生显著估算差异的重要原因;在现有成果中,EurOtop的估算结果普遍存在明显高估现象,而Goda(2009)对影响因素的处理方式和估算结果与本次试验的结论在总体上最为相符。
    • 张肖肖; 吴振森; 苏翔
    • 摘要: Electromagnetic scattering characteristics change significantly from breaking waves, which is considered to be one reason for sea spike phenomenon (HH polarization scattering intensity close to or even greater than VV polarization scattering intensity). Spiky sea clutter is often treated falsely as targets, which affects radar performance in target detection in the sea surface background. Thus the investigation on the physical mechanism of the sea spike phenomenon can help mitigate false alarms. In this paper, the authors investigate the microwave backscattering from the wedge-shaped breaking waves, which is simulated with the dihedral impedance wedge of finite length. The physical optical field of the breaking waves is calculated with the Kirchhoff approximation. Based on the Maliuzhinets method with using the precise impedance boundary condition, the impedance wedge scattering solution in spectral integral representation is presented. The spectral function is derived by the perturbation method with respect to the oblique incident angle based on the incidence normal to or grazing to the edge. After obtaining the spectral function, the asymptotic theory is used to determine the diffraction field of impedance wedge at an arbitrary skew incidence. The equivalent edge currents are derived from the uniform diffraction of impedance wedge by combining the physical optical coefficients and diffracted coefficients. Backscattering radar cross-sections (RCSs) of the diffracted field from 120◦ impedance wedge are calculated in both HH and VV polarizations, and the effects of frequency and permittivity on the wedge diffraction are discussed as well. The physical optical field backscattering from 135◦ impedance wedge is compared with the total field with considering the diffraction effects. Further calculations and analyses for backscattering from the three-dimensional extension breaking waves are presented by using the contribution of edge diffraction field to correct the physical optics field. Numerical results show that the backscattering RCS of impedance diffracted field in HH polarization is greater than that in VV polarization in the Keller cone. Therefore, the diffraction effects will make the backscattering RCS of the total field in HH polarization greater than that in VV polarization when the breaking wave grows to near-collapse stage at a small grazing angle with upwind observation. This indicates that the wedge diffraction is one of the causes of sea spike phenomenon.%海浪的破碎区会导致海面电磁散射特性发生很大改变,导致海尖峰现象的产生。本文结合阻抗劈结构模型分析了劈绕射对破碎波后向散射特性的影响。首先利用基尔霍夫近似求解破碎波的物理光学场;基于Maliuzhinets方法,从波动方程及精确阻抗边界条件出发,由谱函数的积分形式得到阻抗劈的一致性绕射系数,结合物理光学绕射系数导出阻抗劈等效边缘电磁流;利用边缘绕射场修正物理光学场,得到考虑劈绕射效应的破碎波散射总场。数值结果表明,阻抗劈的绕射场在Keller锥内出现HH极化大于VV极化的现象,因此计入绕射场的影响会使得破碎波生长到临近坍塌阶段时,小擦地角逆风观测出现总场的后向散射截面HH极化大于VV极化的现象,说明劈绕射是造成海尖峰现象产生的原因之一。
    • 王修亭; 张庆河; 陈同庆; 管宁
    • 摘要: A 3⁃D numerical model for breaking wave was developed based on the open source code Open⁃FOAM. The governing equations of the model are the RANS equations of the three⁃dimensional incompressible vis⁃cous fluid. The VOF method was used to capture the interface between air and fluid. The wave⁃maker of distributed momentum source and the damping wave absorption were applied in the momentum equations for generating and ab⁃sorbing waves respectively. The RNG k⁃εturbulence model was adopted. The presented model was used to simu⁃late the breaking wave force acting on the pile on a beach. The numerical results were compared with the previous experimental data. It is shown that the model is of sufficient accuracy to simulate the breaking wave force on mono⁃pile in shallow water.%基于开源程序OpenFOAM建立了三维波浪破碎数值模型,模型控制方程采用三维不可压缩粘性流体运动RANS方程,应用VOF方法捕捉自由表面,分别运用动量分布源方法、阻尼消波方法实现数值造波和消波,紊流模型选用RNG k⁃ε模型。利用所建立的三维波浪破碎数值模型模拟了破碎波对单桩结构物的作用力,并与物理模型实验数据进行对比分析。结果证明该模型可以较好地模拟近岸单桩结构物所受破碎波浪荷载。
    • 张洋; 邹志利; 苟大荀; 罗年鹏; 尹晶
    • 摘要: 通过物理模型实验研究了海岸沙坝剖面和滩肩剖面的形成和演化过程,给出了稳定的沙坝剖面和滩肩剖面的几何特征。实验中考虑了两种初始坡度(1∶20和1∶10)和不同波高的规则波和不规则波,讨论了不同初始坡度海岸上破碎波空间分布特征。结果表明,沙坝产生后存在向岸和离岸两种运动形态,但最终将停留在稳定位置。稳定的沙坝剖面对应不同初始坡度和波浪存在不同的大沙坝和小沙坝分布。沙坝剖面由长时间小波高波浪序列作用后可转化为稳定滩肩剖面,该剖面不依赖于波浪和初始坡度。实验也给出了平衡剖面与理论曲线的对比以及剖面上泥沙粒径的分布。%A series of physical model experiments were conducted to study the formation and evolution of sandbar and berm profiles.The characteristics of these profiles were observed.Two initial beach slopes (1∶20 and 1∶10) and regular and irregular waves with different heights were adopted.The results showed that the sandbar can move onshore or offshore,depending on wave condition (for regular wave cases)or on initial beach slope (for irregular wave cases).But it has a final steady position.The transform of sandbar profile to berm profile was realized with action of a series of waves with gradually decreased wave height.The distribution and formation mechanism of multiple bars formed in the experiment are discussed by relating them to initial beach slope,wave type and spatial distribution of breaking wave.The geometrical features of the sandbar profile are presented.The distribution of the sand grain along beach cross section was measured.The measured equilibrium berm profile agrees with the theoreti-cal result.
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