井群

摘要： 为了更好地阐释气田开发利用过程中柱塞气举井操作优化方面的研究进展和现场应用面临的主要瓶颈和挑战,在简要阐述柱塞气举工艺,并对现有操作难点进行分析的基础上,从单井优化模型、井群优化模型和优化算法3个角度入手,概述目前柱塞气举井操作优化的研究进展;对现存问题进行分析并提出建议,并对未来的研发方向进行了展望。

摘要： 成都轨道交通17号线明光站—九江北站区间明挖区间基坑所处地层为砂卵石地层,富水性好.在已有的水文地质资料、明挖区间基坑降水施工方案的渗透系数k的条件下,根据干扰井群的叠加原理,利用解析法预测基坑中某一点处的地下水位降深.通过对比分析预测结果与实测结果,发现明挖区间端头盾构吊出井基坑处的地下水位降深不能满足降水要求,从而进一步调整和优化端头井基坑区域的地下水控制方案,并分析总结降水井设计的技术要点,可为砂卵石地层基坑降水设计及施工提供理论依据及实践经验.

摘要： 为保证傍河水源地水资源的可持续开发利用,并尽量减少由此对生态环境造成的负面影响,对水源地的开采井群进行优化设计是必要的.本研究以开采量(20×10^4 m^3·d^-1)和地下水位允许降深(14 m)为目标函数,以袭夺江水比例、地下水位降落漏斗范围、理论单井供水能力为约束条件,以开采井数量、井间距离、井河距离3个设计参数为变量,应用Visual MODFLOW 2010^.0软件对地下水流场的演化规律进行了模拟预测,并基于预测结果对设计方案进行了比选,得到了最优参数组合.结果表明:9口开采井、井间距离为10^0 m、井河距离为50 m为最优方案;在该方案条件下,傍河水源地的供水能力为2.1×10^5 m^3·d^-1,其中袭夺的江水量占66%;形成的地下水位降落漏斗面积为2.8×10^6 m2,中心区降深为11.5 m,对环境产生的扰动最小,环境负效应也最小.

摘要： 抽水融冰技术是解决高寒地区引水渠道冰害的重要措施,广泛应用于新疆的红山嘴、金沟河和青年水电站以及青海省的香加水电站.该文根据水流热平衡理论,综合考虑水力、热力、气候等条件对不冻长度影响,从理论上得到了不冻长度的计算公式,并用工程实测资料进行了验证,结果表明:引水渠道不冻长度计算结果与原型实测值符合较好,最小误差6.2%,最大误差29.5%;不冻长度与渠道来水流量、井水注入量、井水水温、大气温度、日太阳辐射量成正比,与风速、大气饱和差、日降雪量成反比;其中,渠道来水流量对不冻长度影响较小,井水注入量、大气温度、风速等对不冻长度影响较显著;且保持其他条件不变,井水注入量每增加0.02 m3/s,不冻长度以400 m递增;大气温度每降低5 °C,不冻长度减小幅度为16.1%~31.3%;风速从0.5 m/s增加到6.0 m/s,不冻长度减小幅度为4.3%~53.0%;此研究可为解决寒区水电站引水渠道冰灾防治问题提供科学依据.%Pumping well water to melt ice is an effective method to solve the ice problem for diversion channel at high altitude and cold regions, which is widely used in Hongshanzui hydropower station, Jingou river hydropower station, Youth hydropower station of Xinjiang and Xiangjia hydropower station of Qinghai Province. According to the local hydrological and natural conditions and the characteristics of hydropower projects, pumping well water to melt ice is a method to pump high temperature underground well water into the diversion channel to increase water temperature, which makes the ice in the channel melted. In order to solve the calculation problem of ice-free length for pumping well water to melt ice, the calculation formula of ice-free length was proposed theoretically based on water heat balance theory. The influences of hydraulic, thermal and climatic conditions on ice-free length were considered in above formula, which was verified by using the values of ice-free length of diversion channels in Hongshanzui and Jingouhe hydropower station of Manas River, Xinjiang. The results show that calculated results are in agreement with measured values of the ice-free length for the diversion channel of the Hydropower station with the minimum and maximum errors of 6.2% and 29.5%, respectively, which confirmed the reliability of deduced formula. In this study, the second diversion channel of Hongshanzui hydropower station in Manas River of Xinjiang was selected as the study area, and the values of ice-free length were calculated under different hydraulic, thermal and climatic conditions. The calculated results indicate that the ice-free length is proportional to discharges of channel and well water, temperature of well water, atmospheric temperature and daily solar radiation, and it is inversely proportional to wind speed, atmospheric saturation deficiency and daily snowfall. Firstly, the value of ice-free length is increased by only 200 m with the channel discharges being increased from 0 to 20 m3/s under the conditions of atmospheric temperature of -20 °C and well water discharge of 0.16 m3/s, which indicates that the influence of channel discharge on ice-free length is little. Secondly, the value of ice-free length can be increased by 400 m with well water discharge being increased by 0.02 m3/s under the condition of atmospheric temperature of -20 °C. In practical engineering, the increase of well water discharge is a direct and effective way to increase the mixed water temperature of channel, and to increase the ice-free length. Thirdly, the values of ice-free length can be decreased by 16.1%-31.3% with atmospheric temperature being decreased by 5 °C, which shows that the influence of atmospheric temperature on the ice-free length is also significant. Finally, the values of ice-free length can be decreased by 4.30%-53.0% with wind speed being increased from 0.5 to 6.0 m/s under the condition of atmospheric temperature of -20 °C. Above results indicate the influences of well water discharge, atmospheric temperature and wind speed on ice-free length are significant. This study can provide valuable information for preventing ice hazards of diversion channel of diversion power station at high altitude and cold regions.

摘要： Combining numerical and analytical calculation method,and on the basis of the establishment of wells buried tube heat exchanger and the heat pump coupling model to study the unsteady characteristics of ground source heat pump system under dynamic load throughout the year to run.Research indicates,heat exchange of all wells along with the air conditioning cold/heat load change and fluctuate,the average wall temperature of all wells increased in the air-conditioning season,the average wall temperature of each well of heating season reduce gradually,but there is a difference between the wells;the average wall temperature of each well in the transition season was recovered to some extent,and fall back to at least 8.5 °C;the COP with the running time of the last,the first is gradually reduced,and then stabilized;after a year of operation,the maximum temperature rise of average wall temperature of each well is 1.76 °C,the average temperature of well group increased by 0.93°C.%采取数值与解析计算相结合的方法,在构建井群地埋管换热器与地上热泵机组耦合模型的基础上,研究了动态负荷下土壤源热泵系统全年运行的非稳态特性.研究结果表明:各井换热量随空调冷/热负荷变化而上下波动,空调季各井平均壁温总体逐渐升高,采暖季各井平均壁温总体逐渐降低,但各井间存在一定差值;在过渡季各井平均壁温得到一定程度恢复,秋季至少恢复了8.5°C;机组COP随运行时间的持续,先是逐渐减小后趋于平稳;经过一年运行各井平均壁温最大温升为1.76°C,井群平均地温升高了0.93°C.

摘要： 为探讨抽水融冰技术解决严寒地区渠道冰害的效果,以新疆玛纳斯河流域红山嘴二级电站引水渠道为研究对象,对多口融冰井同时运行条件下引水渠道水温变化过程进行三维模拟,其模拟结果和原型观测结果平均相对误差为4.61％,验证了数值模拟的可靠性.在此基础上,通过改变井水流量、井前渠水流量和水温、外界大气温度等条件,对混合水温沿程变化过程进行了模拟.结果表明:1)仅将井水流量变为原来的50％和1.5倍时,井水注入量与混合水温成正比,且对混合水温的影响较大;2)仅将井前渠道水温分别降低和升高0.2和0.4°C时,井前渠道水温与混合水温成正比,且对混合水温的影响也较大,因此增大井水流量或者合理布置井群是抽水融冰最有效的方法;3)根据井前渠道水温为0.1°C,井前渠水流量分别为10、15、20和25 m3/s,大气温度分别为–5、–10、–20和–30°C的模拟结果,得到了各井的不冻长度值,且随着井前渠道流量增大和外界大气温度降低,融冰井的不冻长度均随之减小,最后给出了在不同井前渠道流量和不同气温条件下融冰井的不冻长度和井的布置桩号等合理优化布置方案,此研究为解决寒区水电站引水渠道冰灾防治问题提供科学依据.%In the northwest high altitude and cold regions, it's easy to produce ice for the long distance of diversion channel of diversion power station. Pumping well water to melt ice is an effective method to solve the ice problem for diversion power station in winter. In order to investigate the effect of pumping well water to melt ice on the increase of channel water temperature, the second diversion channel of Hongshanzui Water Power Station in Manas River of Xinjiang was selected as the study area, and a three-dimensional turbulence numerical model was proposed to simulate the change process of water temperature of diversion channel under the condition of multi-well running at the same time. The change process of water temperature obtained from the simulation was compared with that from the prototype observation experiment, and the results indicated that the calculation results were in a good agreement with the prototype observation results. The average relative error between them was 4.61％, which verified the reliability of the numerical simulation. Thus, the water temperature change processes of diversion channel were simulated under the conditions of different discharge of well water, different discharge and temperature of channel water before wells, and different atmospheric temperature. Firstly, when the discharge and temperature of channel water were constant, and the discharge of well water was decreased by half or increased by half compared with the original value, the mixed water temperature was proportional to the discharge of well water and sensitive to it. At the same time, when the temperature of channel water was decreased and increased by 0.2 and 0.4 °C, respectively, the mixed water temperature was proportional to the temperature of channel water and sensitive to it. It is concluded that it is the most effective way to pump well water to melt ice by increasing the discharge of well water and arranging the well group rationally. During the process of melting-ice wells running, each well not only affected the downstream water temperature, but also affected the upstream water temperature in some distance. According to the simulated results under the temperature of channel water of 0.1 °C, the discharge of channel water of 10, 15, 20 and 25 m3/s, and the atmospheric temperature of -5, -10, -20 and -30 °C, respectively, the different value of the ice-free water length of each well was calculated. The results showed that the length of the ice-free water for each well decreased with the increase of channel water discharge before wells and the decrease of atmospheric temperature. Based on the calculated length of the ice-free water for each well, the reasonably optimized results of the length of the ice-free water and the arrangement of the wells were proposed under different discharges of channel water before wells and different atmospheric temperatures. This study can provide valuable information for preventing ice hazards of diversion channel in the cold regions.

摘要： 土库曼斯坦哈扎尔化工厂切列肯产区碘溴厂及原料基地改造是中国石油工程建设公司土库曼斯坦分公司承担的EPCC项目,原料基地的供电是整个工程的重要组成部分.工程设计拟选了4个可行的原料基地供电方案,根据项目现场实际情况,通过综合的技术、经济及可行性分析评价,选择改进的以供电半径为单元的高压供电方案为最优方案.

摘要： 将径向基函数配点法用于求解承压含水层中地下水向井的稳定流动问题.主要考虑存在井群情形时径向基函数配点方法的应用.通过对具体实例计算分析显示,用径向基函数配点法求解该问题的计算精度及效率较高,结果理想.

摘要： 为建立井群换热快速求解模型并研究其热干扰特性,提出了一种基于解析-数值计算的混合解模型,以16井群为研究对象,通过试验和数值模拟的方法研究了井群热干扰特性.研究结果表明:随着换热的进行井群中各井间产生热干扰并逐渐增强,同一运行时刻中井受热干扰程度最大、边井次之、角井则最小;由于井间热干扰的影响,角井换热能力最大、井壁温度最低,边井换热能力和井壁温度居中,中井换热能力最小、井壁温度最高,则运行90 d时角井换热量比边井大6.5％,边井换热量比中井大7.1％;角井对井群换热量的贡献率随换热时间延长逐渐增加,中井对井群换热量的贡献率则逐渐减少,而边井对井群换热量的贡献率基本不变.

摘要： 庆华腾格里精细化工园为煤炭精细化工企业，对水源要求保证率较高。企业位于腾格里沙漠边缘，无地表水供给，选择采用深层地下水做为化工区水源。为确保水源的可靠，在水源地31 km2范围内设41口机井，进行井群供水。该给工程管线长度长，机井数量多，地形较复杂，对于机井布置、管线布置及水泵扬程的选取均有一定难度。通过对管线的计算，加之采用自动化控制，从而实现了水源地的可靠供水。

摘要： 对水源热泵地下水的温度变化进行了模拟分析，研究了换热井不同布置方式以及不同运行策略对地下含水层温度场的变化趋势和变化幅度的影响，为实际工程设计和计算提供了参考。

摘要： 对水源热泵地下水的温度变化进行了模拟分析，研究了换热井不同布置方式以及不同运行策略对地下含水层温度场的变化趋势和变化幅度的影响，为实际工程设计和计算提供了参考。

摘要： 对水源热泵地下水的温度变化进行了模拟分析，研究了换热井不同布置方式以及不同运行策略对地下含水层温度场的变化趋势和变化幅度的影响，为实际工程设计和计算提供了参考。

摘要： 对水源热泵地下水的温度变化进行了模拟分析，研究了换热井不同布置方式以及不同运行策略对地下含水层温度场的变化趋势和变化幅度的影响，为实际工程设计和计算提供了参考。

摘要： 本发明提出一种地下循环式单井采热系统和群井互补的采热系统；采用井内换热器通过循环介质吸收地下水的热量，主要解决利用深层地热井冬季供暖回灌效果不佳的问题，也可用在浅层水源热泵回灌效果不佳的地区。突出利用地层本身不同含水层水头压力差、温度差的特性，辅以必要的循环泵作为助力设备，在含水层之间进行换热，达到只采热不采水的目的，就解决了回灌难的问题。

摘要： 本实用新型公开了一种稳压型群井共直流逆变群装置，包含群井总开关单元、整流单元、共用直流单元、保护装置、逆变单元和稳压单元，所述的总开关单元为装置总控制开关，一端与电网连接，另一端与整流单元连接输入端和稳压单元输入端连接，整流单元输出端及、逆变单元输入端与共用直流单元连接，保护装置位于共用直流单元、保护装置之间，逆变单元输出侧接装置输出端子。采用一台变压器一台大容量整流设备，多台小容量逆变设备组成共直流逆变群群井控制装置；将同一采油区块的多口油井的抽油机电控终端通过直流母线统一供电；逆变设备装置内部集成电动机保护单元。

摘要： 一种单井与群井掺水井口流程通用阀体集成装置，包括集成盒体、以及集成设置在集成盒体上的掺水调节阀、定压放气阀、总给水阀、单流阀、油水连通阀、排污阀、管线截止阀、回油截止阀、洗井阀、油管、给水管、回油管、套管和安装在油管上的取油样油压阀，在套管上安装的取套压丝堵，在集成盒体内部设置有集成管道与通道结构；该装置既可用于采用单井井口掺水工艺流程，也可用于群井环状井口掺水工艺流程的通用阀体集成装置，有效提高阀体的集成度，扩大装置的通用性，在进行单井和群井掺水工艺转换时，只需对局部个别阀体进行打开或者关闭操作，操作方法简单，劳动强度较低，在采油生产中能够降低采油生产成本，提高采油生产效率。

摘要： 本实用新型涉及地基与基础工程降水领域，公开了一种用于单井控制群井降水的装置，包括井水控制管路和水位控制组件，所述井水控制管路包括位于主井内的井内主水管、若干个位于副井内的井内副水管、若干个位于井外且与所述井内主水管、井内副水管连通的井外水管，所述水位控制组件包括控制器、与所述控制器电连接的用于探测主井内水位的传感器组件、设置在控制器上且用于进行水输送的输水组件。本实用新型具有提高水位控制效率的效果。

摘要： 本发明公开了围井轮灌抽灌井群分布及歇井控制方法，本系统包括抽水井、温度传感器、抽水井过滤器、抽水井流量计、抽水井总阀、抽水泵、回灌井总阀、换热器、回灌过滤器、回灌干管、回灌水泵、分水器、多组电磁阀、多组灌井流量计、多组回灌井、目标含水层、中央控制器组成。本发明利用回灌井围绕抽水井分布并轮换歇井方式，最大程度的减少热贯通的发生及抽灌井群设备结水垢的可能性，从而提高地热能的利用率及设备的使用年限。

摘要： 本发明公开了异井回灌抽灌井群歇井控制的地下水源热泵系统和基于该系统的高效控制方法。系统包括第一抽水井、第二抽水井、第三抽水井、第四抽水井、第一温度传感器、第二温度传感器、第三温度传感器、第四温度传感器、过滤器、抽水井流量计、第一电磁阀、第二电磁阀、集水器、抽水干管、抽水泵、换热器、回灌干管、回灌水泵、分水器、第三电磁阀、第四电磁阀、第一回灌井、第二回灌井、第三回灌井、第四回灌井、回灌井流量计、目标含水层、控制器。本发明利用抽灌井群动态歇井控制方法，形成区域井群轮换停歇，最大限度的避免了热贯通现象发生，提高了地能利用和热泵机组工作效率，延长了系统使用寿命。

摘要： 本发明涉及天然气石油开采技术领域，本发明公开了一种油气井群、井群能量管理方法及系统。本发明的实施例提供的油气井群。井群能量管理方法及井群能量管理系统，能够将将动力井的套管气送入欠能量井内，使得欠能量井能够完成气举。这样，无需从外部向欠能量井内注入高压气体，大大降低了生产成本，使得油气井群中各个油气井的能量得以充分利用。

摘要： 本发明涉及盾构井技术领域，更具体而言，涉及盾构地铁始发接收井的负压井群降水工法。包括以下步骤:S1、采用水冲法成孔；S2、下放井管；S3、扶正井管，填滤料；S4、洗井；S5、安装井口密封结构；S6、砌筑圆形井室；S7、安装水泵、真空泵和水箱；S8、进行抽试；S9、进行无间断抽水。本工法解决了细颗粒弱透水饱和土层和含水层界面残留水疏干问题，同时，本工法对基坑降水井群的位置进行设计优化，提高基坑整体降水效率。本发明主要应用于盾构地铁始发接收井的负压井群降水方面。

摘要： 本发明属于地下污染水修复领域，具体涉及一种多效反应型地下水循环井井群及修复方法，包括修复井群以及观测井群；所述的修复井群包括多个均匀设置在修复中心线上的修复井；所述的观测井群包括多个设置在距离污染源最远的修复井的周围的观测井；本申请的多效反应型地下水循环井井群,通过修复井以及观测井的设置，在不断检测的过程中，利用药箱对污染水进行化学治理，利用循环泵将污染水不断的抽至药箱处，并通过上井管将携带有药剂且反应后污染程度低的地下水通过所述上井管花孔排入地下水含水层中；不仅适用于挥发性和半挥发性有机污染地下水，同时也适用于重金属或复合污染地下水，大大提高了修复效率，降低了修复成本和维护成本。

摘要： 本实用新型属于地下污染水修复领域，具体涉及一种多效反应型地下水循环井井群，包括修复井群以及观测井群；所述的修复井群包括多个均匀设置在修复中心线上的修复井；所述的观测井群包括多个设置在距离污染源最远的修复井的周围的观测井；本申请的多效反应型地下水循环井井群,通过修复井以及观测井的设置，在不断检测的过程中，利用药箱对污染水进行化学治理，利用循环泵将污染水不断的抽至药箱处，并通过上井管将携带有药剂且反应后污染程度低的地下水通过所述上井管花孔排入地下水含水层中；不仅适用于挥发性和半挥发性有机污染地下水，同时也适用于重金属或复合污染地下水，大大提高了修复效率，降低了修复成本和维护成本。