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首页> 外文会议>25th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology and 12th Joint Conference on the Applications of Air Pollution Meteorology with Aamp;WMA and Fourth Symposium on the Urban Environment May 20-24, 2002 Norfolk, Virginia >ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF PRESCRIBED BURNING ACTIVITIES
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ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF PRESCRIBED BURNING ACTIVITIES

机译：评估预定的燃烧活动的影响

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摘要

Over the past several decades, the United States has had a policy of suppressing fires in wildlands. This policy has led to negative effects on ecosystems, including a buildup of dead timber and excess forest litter that can contribute to uncontrolled, potentially catastrophic wildfires. Currently, various government agencies are implementing a policy of forest management that uses prescribed burning to help restore forest ecosystems to their natural state. Government agencies are reviewing alternatives involving various levels of prescribed burning activity. Wildland fires, whether planned, accidental or natural, result in airborne emissions of criteria air pollutants such as PM_(2.5), carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide. Of these, the pollutant that with the potentially most far-reaching impact is PM_(2.5), which can pose a health hazard at sufficiently high concentrations and reduce visibility over a wide area. Therefore, it is an objective of land managers that forest management policies do not significantly increase emissions and alter the associated ambient air quality from the "natural" state. This paper describes a procedure that compares the air quality, impact of the prescribed burning activities to those conditions that would occur if a natural wildfire policy, i.e., with no prescribed burning, were implemented. The paper also discusses the current techniques that can be used in support of prescribed fire initiation decisions.
机译：在过去的几十年中，美国采取了抑制野外火灾的政策。这项政策已对生态系统产生了负面影响，包括堆积的枯木和过多的森林凋落物，可能导致不受控制的，潜在的灾难性野火。当前，各种政府机构正在实施一项森林管理政策，该政策使用规定的燃烧方法帮助森林生态系统恢复至自然状态。政府机构正在审查涉及不同级别的规定燃烧活动的替代品。不论是有计划的，意外的还是自然的野火，都会以空气形式排放标准空气污染物，例如PM_（2.5），一氧化碳，氮氧化物和二氧化硫。其中，可能具有最深远影响的污染物是PM_（2.5），在足够高的浓度下可能对健康造成危害，并降低大范围的可见性。因此，土地管理者的目标是森林管理政策不会显着增加排放量并不会使相关的周围空气质量从“自然”状态改变。本文介绍了一种程序，该程序将空气质量，规定的燃烧活动的影响与如果实施自然野火政策（即不实施规定的燃烧）会发生的情况进行比较。本文还讨论了可用于支持规定的起火决策的当前技术。

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