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首页> 外文会议>Annual Symposium on Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation; 19980719-24; Snowbird,UT(US) >ON THE THERMOELECTRIC EFFECT OF INTERFACE IMPERFECTIONS
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ON THE THERMOELECTRIC EFFECT OF INTERFACE IMPERFECTIONS

机译：关于界面缺陷的热电效应

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摘要

Ordinary thermocouples use the well-known Seebeck effect to measure the temperature at the junction of two different conductors. The electromotive force generated by the heat depends on the difference between the respective thermoelectric powers of the contacting metals and the junction temperature. Figure 1 shows the schematic diagram of the thermoelectric measurement as most often used in nondestructive materials characterization. One of the reference electrodes is heated by electrical means to a preset temperature of 100 - 300℃, pretty much like the tip of a temperature-stabilized soldering iron, and connected to the inverting (-) input of the differential amplifier driving the indicator. The other electrode is left cold at essentially room temperature and connected to the non-inverting (+) input. The measurement is done quickly in a few seconds to assure (ⅰ) that the hot reference electrode is not cooled down perceivably by the specimen and (ⅱ) that the rest of the specimen beyond the close vicinity of the contact point is not warmed up perceivably. Ideally, regardless of the temperature difference between the junctions, only thermocouples made of different materials, i.e., materials of different thermoelectric power, will generate thermoelectric signal. This unique feature makes the simple thermoelectric tester one of the most sensitive material discriminators used in nondestructive inspection.
机译：普通的热电偶使用众所周知的塞贝克效应来测量两个不同导体交界处的温度。由热产生的电动势取决于接触金属的各个热电功率与结温之间的差。图1显示了热电测量的示意图，该热电测量最常用于无损材料表征中。参比电极之一通过电子方式加热至预设温度100-300℃，非常类似于温度稳定的烙铁头，并连接至驱动指示器的差分放大器的反相（-）输入。另一个电极在室温下保持冷态，并连接至同相（+）输入。在几秒钟内迅速进行测量，以确保（ⅰ）样品不会感觉到热参比电极的冷却，并且（ⅱ）不能感觉到接触点附近的其余样品不会被预热。理想地，不管结之间的温差如何，只有由不同材料制成的热电偶，即具有不同热电功率的材料，才会产生热电信号。这种独特的功能使简单的热电测试仪成为用于非破坏性检查的最敏感的材料鉴别器之一。

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