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Chemically Enhanced Biological Filtration to Increase Water Quality and Minimize Cost

机译:化学增强的生物过滤技术,可提高水质并降低成本

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Biological filtration in North America is rapidly being recognized as a sustainable technology that is capable of producing high quality water. It is particularly effective at reducing natural organic matter (NOM), reducing disinfection byproduct formation, and removing specific contaminants such as geosmin and methyl-isoborneol (MIB) - especially when used in combination with ozone. However, not all drinking water plants use ozone. Furthermore, while ozone is a highly effective oxidant, it is capital and energy intensive. Other drinking water plants such as Greater Cincinnati Water Works (GCWW) use traditional coagulation/sedimentation followed by biological filtration. GCWW uses coagulation/sedimentation and two-stage biological filtration with sand followed by granular activated carbon (GAC). GAC is being increasingly used for drinking water treatment as the Stage 2 Disinfectant/Disinfection By-products Rule become effective. Development of methods by which GAC lifetime can be extended is a pressing need as the cost of reactivation is quite expensive, averaging around $100,000 per GAC contactor, in the case of GCWW. Additionally, many systems are adding UV disinfection as a result of the Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2). In order to save energy costs and disinfect effectively, UV absorbable organics should be reduced, and biofiltration may prove beneficial in that regard.
机译:北美的生物过滤技术已迅速被公认为是一种能够产生高质量水的可持续技术。它在减少天然有机物(NOM),减少消毒副产物形成以及去除特定污染物(如土臭素和甲基异冰片醇(MIB))方面特别有效-特别是与臭氧结合使用时。但是,并非所有的饮用水厂都使用臭氧。此外,尽管臭氧是高效氧化剂,但它是资本和能源密集型的。其他饮用水厂,例如大辛辛那提水厂(GCWW),都使用传统的混凝/沉淀法,然后进行生物过滤。 GCWW使用凝结/沉淀和两步生物过滤,先用沙子过滤,然后再使用颗粒状活性炭(GAC)。随着第二阶段消毒剂/消毒副产物规则的生效,GAC越来越多地用于饮用水处理。迫切需要开发可延长GAC寿命的方法,因为重新激活的成本相当昂贵,对于GCWW,每个GAC接触器的平均成本约为100,000美元。此外,由于长期2强化地表水处理规则(LT2),许多系统都增加了紫外线消毒。为了节省能源成本并有效地消毒,应减少可紫外线吸收的有机物,在这方面,生物过滤可能被证明是有益的。

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