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Chemically Enhanced Biological Filtration to Increase Water Quality and Minimize Cost

机译:化学增强的生物过滤,以提高水质并最大限度地减少成本

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Biological filtration in North America is rapidly being recognized as a sustainable technology that is capable of producing high quality water. It is particularly effective at reducing natural organic matter (NOM), reducing disinfection byproduct formation, and removing specific contaminants such as geosmin and methyl-isoborneol (MIB) - especially when used in combination with ozone. However, not all drinking water plants use ozone. Furthermore, while ozone is a highly effective oxidant, it is capital and energy intensive. Other drinking water plants such as Greater Cincinnati Water Works (GCWW) use traditional coagulation/sedimentation followed by biological filtration. GCWW uses coagulation/sedimentation and two-stage biological filtration with sand followed by granular activated carbon (GAC). GAC is being increasingly used for drinking water treatment as the Stage 2 Disinfectant/Disinfection By-products Rule become effective. Development of methods by which GAC lifetime can be extended is a pressing need as the cost of reactivation is quite expensive, averaging around $100,000 per GAC contactor, in the case of GCWW. Additionally, many systems are adding UV disinfection as a result of the Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2). In order to save energy costs and disinfect effectively, UV absorbable organics should be reduced, and biofiltration may prove beneficial in that regard.
机译:北美的生物过滤迅速被认为是能够生产高质量水的可持续技术。它在减少天然有机物(NOM)中特别有效,降低消毒副产物的形成,并除去特异性污染物,例如土工皂甙和甲基 - 异醇(MIB) - 特别是当与臭氧组合使用时。然而,并非所有饮用水植物都使用臭氧。此外,虽然臭氧是一种高效的氧化剂,但它是资本和能量密集的。其他饮用水厂,如辛辛那提水工程(GCWW)使用传统的凝血/沉降,然后使用生物过滤。 GCWW采用凝固/沉积和两级生物过滤,沙子,粒状活性炭(GAC)。 GAC越来越多地用于饮用水处理,因为阶段2消毒剂/消毒副产品规则变得有效。通过GAC寿命可以扩展的方法的开发是一种压迫需求,因为重新激活的成本非常昂贵,在GCWW的情况下,每个GAC接触器平均约为100,000美元。另外,许多系统正在添加UV消毒,因为长期2增强的表面水处理规则(LT2)。为了节省能源成本并有效消毒,应减少UV可吸收有机物,并且生物滤光可能在这方面有益。

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