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Strategies to potentiate immune response after photodynamic therapy

机译：光动力治疗后增强免疫反应的策略

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used as a cancer therapy for forty years but has not yet advanced to a mainstream cancer treatment. Although PDT has been shown to be an efficient photochemical way to destroy local tumors by a combination of non-toxic dyes and harmless visible light, it is its additional effects in mediating the stimulation of the host immune system that gives PDT a great potential to become more widely used. Although the stimulation of tumor-specific cytotoxic T-cells that can destroy distant tumor deposits after PDT has been reported in some animal models, it remains the exception rather than the rule. This realization has prompted several investigators to test various combination approaches that could potentiate the immune recognition of tumor antigens that have been released after PDT. Some of these combination approaches use immunostimulants including various microbial preparations that activate Toll-like receptors and other receptors for pathogen associated molecular patterns. Other approaches use cytokines and growth factors whether directly administered or genetically encoded. Other promising approaches involve depleting regulatory T-cells and epigenetic reversal agents. We believe that by understanding the methods employed by tumors to evade immune response and neutralizing them, more precise ways of potentiating PDT-induced immunity can be devised.
机译：光动力疗法（PDT）已被用作癌症疗法已有40年，但尚未发展成为主流癌症疗法。尽管PDT已被证明是通过无毒染料和无害可见光的组合破坏局部肿瘤的有效光化学方法，但它在介导宿主免疫系统刺激中的附加作用赋予了PDT巨大的发展潜力使用更广泛。尽管在某些动物模型中已经报道了刺激PDT后可以破坏远处肿瘤沉积物的肿瘤特异性细胞毒性T细胞的刺激，但这仍然是例外，而不是常规。这一认识促使一些研究人员测试了各种组合方法，这些方法可以增强对PDT之后释放的肿瘤抗原的免疫识别。这些组合方法中的一些使用免疫刺激剂，包括各种微生物制剂，这些微生物制剂激活Toll样受体和其他与病原体相关的分子模式的受体。其他方法使用细胞因子和生长因子，无论是直接施用还是遗传编码。其他有希望的方法包括耗尽调节性T细胞和表观遗传逆转剂。我们相信，通过了解肿瘤逃避免疫反应并中和它们的方法，可以设计出更精确的增强PDT诱导免疫力的方法。

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