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首页> 外文会议>Conference on Advances in Neutron Scattering Instrumentation, Jul 7-8, 2002, Seattle, Washington, USA >Detector requirements for the European spallation neutron source ESS
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Detector requirements for the European spallation neutron source ESS

机译：欧洲散裂中子源ESS的探测器要求

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摘要

For probing the structure and dynamics of matter at an atomic, molecular and mesoscopic level neutron scattering and diffraction methods are of utmost importance. Suffering presently from relatively low source strengths, compared e.g. to X-ray investigations, neutron scattering methods will greatly benefit from the increase of the instantaneous flux, which will be attained at the next generation of pulsed spallation neutron sources with several MW average beam power in the proton beam hitting the spallation target. In particular at ESS, the strongest of these sources, the thermal neutron flux will exceed the highest available today by about two orders of magnitude in comparison with generic instruments at ILL or ISIS. In addition, improved neutron optics can further enhance the flux on the sample by another factor 5-10. Hence, the count rate loads on the neutron detectors could rise by up to three orders of magnitude and typically by factors of 50-150; however, hi more and more experiments intensity will be sacrificed by using small and even sub-millimeter samples. Consequently, the development of neutron detectors with higher counting rate capability, better time-of-flight and position resolutions and improved background is prerequisite for taking full advantage of the improved source strength. In this paper the detector requirements for ESS will be reviewed in comparison with the current state-of-the-art and with promising novel solutions.
机译：为了在原子，分子和介观水平上探测物质的结构和动力学，中子散射和衍射方法至关重要。与之相比，目前遭受相对较低的源强度。对于X射线研究，中子散射方法将极大地受益于瞬时通量的增加，这将在下一代脉冲散裂中子源中实现，该脉冲散裂中子源在质子束击中散裂目标时具有几兆瓦的平均射束功率。与ILL或ISIS的通用仪器相比，尤其是在这些来源中最强的ESS上，热中子通量将超过当今最高的中子通量约两个数量级。此外，改进的中子光学器件可以使样品上的通量进一步提高5-10倍。因此，中子探测器的计数率负载可能会上升三个数量级，通常上升50-150倍。然而，在越来越多的实验中，使用小甚至亚毫米的样品会牺牲强度。因此，开发具有更高计数率功能，更好的飞行时间和位置分辨率以及改善背景的中子探测器是充分利用改善的源强度的前提条件。在本文中，将对ESS的探测器要求与当前的最新技术以及有前途的新颖解决方案进行比较。

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