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首页> 外文会议>CORROSION/2004 Research Topical Symposium on Corrosion Modeling for Assessing the Condition of Oil and Gas Pipelines; 2004; >Modeling Stress-Corrosion Cracking in Pipelines - Benefits, Complexities, and Issues
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Modeling Stress-Corrosion Cracking in Pipelines - Benefits, Complexities, and Issues

机译：管道应力腐蚀裂纹建模-收益，复杂性和问题

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摘要

Mechanistic models are discussed in reference to anodic dissolution and hydrogen-related cracking. Adaptations of such models to analysis and simulation of SCC in a practical setting is done in reference to cracking in ground-water environments that form around transmission pipelines subject to cathodic protection. Practical adaptations are considered in reference to both crack initiation and early growth, as well as for situations where a crack has formed that can be represented by a dominant singular field. A general formulation is presented for so-called high-pH SCC, where the pH reflects a balance between carbonate and bicarbonate ions formed at the pipe's surface as a consequence of the cathodic protection that promotes formation of hydroxyl ions that, in turn, facilitate the absorption of carbon dioxide derived from decaying organic matter in the soil. Phenomenological formulations are illustrated in reference to SCC on transmission pipelines - outlining both the approach and inherent complications due to the coupled mechanics, materials, and environmental issues. Inherent complications associated with the cracking environment are discussed in regard to generalizing the high pH formulation to address cracking in so-called near-neutral cracking environments. It is shown that much can be understood concerning control of SCC in reference to pipeline operating conditions. Laboratory data used as inputs to such models are analyzed to show that a small fraction of the life of pipelines suffering SCC remains under fracture mechanics control. In turn, this means that both models and laboratory efforts related to pipeline SCC should focus on the nucleation and the early growth of cracks, as well as fracture mechanics considerations.
机译：参照阳极溶解和与氢有关的裂解讨论了力学模型。参照在阴极保护下的输水管道周围形成的地下水环境中的裂缝，在实际环境中对此类模型进行了SCC分析和模拟的调整。考虑到裂纹的萌生和早期生长，以及已经形成的裂纹可以由占优势的奇异场表示的情况，需要进行实际的调整。提出了一种用于所谓的高pH SCC的通用配方，其中pH反映了由于阴极保护促进了氢氧根离子的形成而形成的碳酸盐和碳酸氢根离子在管道表面形成的平衡，从而促进了氢氧根离子的形成。吸收土壤中腐烂有机物产生的二氧化碳。参照SCC在传输管道上的现象学表述进行了说明-概述了由于机械，材料和环境问题而引起的方法和固有复杂性。讨论了与裂化环境有关的内在复杂性，涉及推广高pH配方以解决所谓的近中性裂化环境中的裂化问题。结果表明，关于管道运行条件下的SCC控制，可以理解很多。分析用作这些模型的输入的实验室数据表明，遭受SCC的管道寿命的一小部分仍处于断裂力学控制之下。反过来，这意味着与管道SCC有关的模型和实验室工作都应侧重于裂纹的成核和早期生长以及断裂力学方面的考虑。

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