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Spatio-temporal analysis of blood perfusion by imaging photoplethysmography

机译:影像体积描记法对血液灌流的时空分析

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Imaging photoplethysmography (iPPG) has attracted much attention over the last years. The vast majority of works focuses on methods to reliably extract the heart rate from videos. Only a few works addressed iPPGs ability to exploit spatio-temporal perfusion pattern to derive further diagnostic statements. This work directs at the spatio-temporal analysis of blood perfusion from videos. We present a novel algorithm that bases on the two-dimensional representation of the blood pulsation (perfusion map). The basic idea behind the proposed algorithm consists of a pairwise estimation of time delays between photoplethysmographic signals of spatially separated regions. The probabilistic approach yields a parameter denoted as perfusion speed. We compare the perfusion speed versus two parameters, which assess the strength of blood pulsation (perfusion strength and signal to noise ratio). Preliminary results using video data with different physiological stimuli (cold pressure test, cold face test) show that all measures are influenced by those stimuli (some of them with statistical certainty). The perfusion speed turned out to be more sensitive than the other measures in some cases. However, our results also show that the intraindividual stability and interindividual comparability of all used measures remain critical points. This work proves the general feasibility of employing the perfusion speed as novel iPPG quantity. Future studies will address open points like the handling of ballistocardiographic effects and will try to deepen the understanding of the predominant physiological mechanisms and their relation to the algorithmic performance.
机译:成像光体积描记术(iPPG)在最近几年引起了很多关注。绝大多数作品集中于可靠地从视频中提取心率的方法。仅有少数著作论述了iPPG利用时空灌注模式得出进一步诊断结论的能力。这项工作直接针对视频中血液灌注的时空分析。我们提出了一种基于血液搏动的二维表示(灌注图)的新颖算法。所提出算法背后的基本思想包括成对估计空间分隔区域的光电容积描记信号之间的时间延迟。概率方法产生一个表示为灌注速度的参数。我们将灌注速度与两个参数进行比较,这两个参数评估了血液搏动的强度(灌注强度和信噪比)。使用具有不同生理刺激(冷压测试,冷脸测试)的视频数据得出的初步结果表明,所有措施都受到那些刺激的影响(其中一些具有统计确定性)。在某些情况下,灌注速度比其他方法更敏感。但是,我们的结果还表明,所有使用的度量的个体内稳定性和个体间可比性仍然是关键点。这项工作证明了采用灌注速度作为新的iPPG量的一般可行性。未来的研究将针对诸如心电描记效应的处理等开放性问题,并将尝试加深对主要生理机制及其与算法性能的关系的理解。

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