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SOFTWARE DESIGN FROM THE COMPLEX SYSTEM PERSPECTIVE

机译：从复杂系统角度进行软件设计

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摘要

It is a common trend in the software industry to provide distributed reusable software components for rapid construction of new systems. Tremendous efforts have been expended industry-wide to develop tools and technologies that facilitate efficient development of new applications. In spite of significant progress in recent years, the grand goal of building the software effortlessly by assembling ready-made standard components, like manufacturing vehicles or circuit boards remains elusive. In general, the pursuit of a good architecture is a risk reduction activity that seeks to design robustness, adaptability and flexibility into the system. An ideal outcome of every design is a set of reusable software components which can be used to construct similar applications. A growing trend is to create powerful methods and notations with the ultimate goal of handling complexity in the development and re-engineering of large software systems. In the current work an effort has been made to approach the software design process from a complex system perspective. The existing design methodologies and architectural principles were reviewed, and suitable architectural patterns and notations were identified. The process was applied to development of a prototype for an Integrated Flood Warning software application for the US National Weather Service. The system is a typical wide area network telemetry application. An attempt has been made to construct the system and its components from an orthogonal set of generic elements and their combinations. The resulting system demonstrates the advantages of the design approach.
机译：提供分布式可重复使用的软件组件以快速构建新系统是软件行业的普遍趋势。全行业在开发工具和技术方面付出了巨大的努力，以促进新应用程序的有效开发。尽管近年来取得了长足的进步，但通过组装现成的标准组件（如制造车辆或电路板）来轻松构建软件的宏伟目标仍然遥不可及。通常，追求良好的体系结构是一种降低风险的活动，旨在在系统中设计健壮性，适应性和灵活性。每个设计的理想结果是一组可重复使用的软件组件，这些组件可用于构建相似的应用程序。日益增长的趋势是创建强大的方法和符号，其最终目的是在开发和重新设计大型软件系统时处理复杂性。在当前的工作中，已经努力从复杂的系统角度着手进行软件设计过程。审查了现有的设计方法和体系结构原理，并确定了合适的体系结构模式和符号。该过程被用于为美国国家气象局开发的综合洪水预警软件应用程序的原型开发。该系统是典型的广域网遥测应用。已经尝试从通用元素及其组合的正交集合构造系统及其组件。最终的系统展示了设计方法的优势。

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