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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Alternative Routes of Iron and Steelmaking ICARISM'99, Sep 15-17, 1997, Perth, WA >Steelmaking Technological Options
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Steelmaking Technological Options

机译：炼钢技术选择

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During the last 125 years, the steel industry has witnessed revolutionary changes in the process of Steelmaking. The Bessemer process was the predominant steel production technology during the last two decades of the 19th century. The open hearth process accounted for the lion's share of world steel production for six decades from 1910 to 1970. With the appearance of the LD process on the industrial stage in 1952, the importance of open hearth process declined and currently the basic oxygen processes are contributing more than 60 per cent of the world steel production. The LD process also led to the development of several other oxygen blown processes such as LDAC, OLP, OBM, QBOP, EOF, etc. The electric arc furnace process of Steelmaking has been in commercial use since 1910. Its share in the world steel production has been increasing steadily and today, it accounts for almost 33 per cent of the world crude steel production. The main advantages of the electric arc furnace are its flexibility of unit size; capability of producing all grades of steel; and lower investment. Generally speaking, the process has been utilising scrap as feed material which leads to the problem of residual impurities in the product. With the advent of the DR processes and the availability of feedstock of known characteristics, however, the dependence on steel scrap has been reduced to some extent. From the economic viewpoint, the availability and cost of the electric power are the decisive factors governing the application of the electric arc furnace process. The recent technological developments in Steelmaking are primarily centred around reducing the energy consumption; utilising virgin metallic iron in different forms as metallic charge; and lowering the tap to tap time to synchronise with continuous casting operation. There are several technological options available today for Steelmaking through the electric furnace route. It is expected that by the year 2010, the contribution of electric furnace to world crude steel output would increase to about 40 percent.
机译：在过去的125年中，钢铁行业见证了炼钢过程中的革命性变化。贝塞麦（Bessemer）工艺是19世纪最后二十年的主要钢铁生产技术。从1910年到1970年的六十年中，开放式炉床工艺占世界钢铁产量的最大份额。随着LD工艺在1952年工业化阶段的出现，开放式炉床工艺的重要性下降了，目前基本的氧气工艺正在发挥作用占世界钢铁产量的60％以上。 LD工艺还导致了其他一些吹氧工艺的发展，例如LDAC，OLP，OBM，QBOP，EOF等。炼钢的电弧炉工艺自1910年以来已投入商业使用。其在世界钢铁生产中的份额一直稳定增长，今天，它已占世界粗钢产量的近33％。电弧炉的主要优点是单位尺寸的灵活性；生产各种等级钢材的能力；并降低投资。一般而言，该方法一直利用废料作为原料，这导致了产品中残留杂质的问题。然而，随着DR工艺的到来和已知特性的原料的可获得性，对废钢的依赖性已在某种程度上降低了。从经济角度看，电功率的可用性和成本是控制电弧炉工艺应用的决定性因素。炼钢领域的最新技术发展主要集中在降低能耗方面。利用不同形式的原始金属铁作为金属装药；并降低水龙头的水龙头时间，以与连续铸造操作同步。如今，通过电炉路线进行炼钢有多种技术选择。预计到2010年，电炉对世界粗钢产量的贡献将增加到40％左右。

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