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首页> 外文会议>International Soil Conservation Organization Conference vol.1; 20020526-31; Beijing(CN) >Socio-Ecological Problems in Soil Conservation Strategy in Hilly Region of Bangladesh
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Socio-Ecological Problems in Soil Conservation Strategy in Hilly Region of Bangladesh

机译：孟加拉国丘陵地区水土保持策略中的社会生态问题

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摘要

Hills in Bangladesh occupy 12% of its geographical area of which Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) covers about 10%. Approximately 1.0 million peoples of thirteen tribal groups are living on the resources of this region. Tribal peoples are mainly depends on shifting cultivation on about 3,200 ha each year, that result topsoil loss of about 1.5 million ton/yr besides tuber crops cultivation and other development activities. CHT is administered on the basis of CHT manual 1900. There are certain changes in rules/acts or laws for contemplating only administering issues and rule of administrators like Deputy Commissioners, Headman etc. on land lease or distribution. Peoples are aware of un-sustainability of shifting cultivation as it could not feed them more than six months and decrease of per unit production to approximately 50% than 60's. Yet improvements are observed that they want to settle around the area where they could practice cultivation (shifting). User right, land ownerships, difficulty in marketing of their products because of different types of restriction, lack of communication (road net work) and apposite stewardships, access to government privileges or scopes and above all incapacity to compete with plain land people in merchandising on or off-farm products make them absent from the main stream of development approaches. By and large till to date a few of the program built-in these issues integrated way in other words trigger the policy issues. Present study was made through surveying among Chakma, Boam, Marma, Tripura and Murung tribal communities of five different parts representing more advanced to least one of CHT. It explores socio-ecological situation on the changing affinity of laws/acts or policies towards natural resource protection since 1900 and review of different institutional interventions (GO/NGO) for protection of environmental aspects with special reference to soil and water conservation and requirement of the local inhabitant to mitigate soil degradation in CHT.
机译：孟加拉国的丘陵占其地理区域的12％，吉大港丘陵地带（CHT）覆盖约10％。该地区的资源生活着13个部落群体中的大约100万人。部落人民主要依靠每年约3200公顷的轮作种植，除块茎作物种植和其他发展活动外，每年造成表土损失约150万吨。 CHT是根据CHT手册1900进行管理的。规则/行为或法律有某些更改，仅考虑了土地租赁或分配方面的管理问题和管理人员的规则，如副专员，负责人等。各国人民意识到，轮耕无法持续六个月以上，并且每单位产量比60年代下降了约50％，这是不可持续的。然而，人们观察到他们希望在定居点附近进行耕种（转移）的环境得到改善。用户权利，土地所有权，由于不同类型的限制而导致的产品销售困难，缺乏沟通（道路网）和适当的管理，获得政府特权或范围，最重要的是无法与平原地区的人竞争商品或非农产品使它们不在主流开发方法中。迄今为止，大体上以这些问题集成方式内置的一些程序，换句话说就是触发了政策问题。目前的研究是通过对查克马，博阿姆，马尔马，特普拉拉和穆龙部落社区的五个不同地区的调查而完成的，这些地区代表着更高级的CHT之一。它探讨了自1900年以来法律/法案或政策对自然资源保护的亲和力不断变化的社会生态形势，并审查了各种保护环境方面的机构干预措施（GO / NGO），其中特别提到了水土保持和保护环境的要求。当地居民减轻CHT中的土壤退化。

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