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首页> 外文会议>International Soil Conservation Organization Conference vol.4; 20020526-31; Beijing(CN) >The Effects of a Dry Stone Anti-Erosive Management on the Strength and Shape of Floods: Example of the Zioud Wadi Watershed in Central Tunisia
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The Effects of a Dry Stone Anti-Erosive Management on the Strength and Shape of Floods: Example of the Zioud Wadi Watershed in Central Tunisia

机译：干燥石材抗腐蚀管理对洪水强度和洪水形态的影响：以突尼斯中部Zioud Wadi流域为例

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The study of the water balance of this small experimental shows us the different behaviour patterns which result from the modifications made on the slopes and in the hydrographic network. The lands of the dry Mediterranean zone have suffered serious degradation and widespread deforestation since ancient times. In the mountainous regions, large scale efforts at reforestation seem to be insufficient to rehabilitate the area, and to reduce the sever flooding which is responsible for serious damage downstream. The hill slopes management with dry stone terraces and the treatment of the gullies by filling them with stones, were recommended in order to stabilise the head waters and reduce runoff. At the level of the wadi catchment (area: 780 ha) an integrated management in the forested area of Djebal Semama in the center of Tunisia was tested. This included defensive measures, barriers of isohypse stones and the treatment of the gullies. The criteria of efficiency were limited to the hydrologic parameters measured at the outlet: surface runoff, erosion and flood shape. In order to do this we compared the annual water balance and the shape and the intensity of the flood before and after management in the river basin. (1987—1989). To compare the floods for both periods, their hydrographs were divided into 5 minutes time steps, and superimposed . The peak flow is taken as the time reference for all hydrographs. We distinguished several typical floods for each period: the average, the envelope and the centile floods of 0.1 and 0.9. The study of the evolution in time of the discharge hydrographs shows that the global reduction of the runoff is accompanied by a stifling of the peak flow and a lengthening of the flood base time.
机译：对这个小型实验的水平衡进行的研究向我们展示了不同的行为模式，这些行为模式是由对斜坡和水文网络进行的修改导致的。自古以来，地中海干旱地区的土地就遭受了严重的退化和广泛的森林砍伐。在山区，大规模的造林努力似乎不足以恢复该地区的土地，并减少严重洪水对下游造成的严重洪灾。建议使用干燥的石阶进行山坡管理，并通过用石子填满沟渠来处理沟渠，以稳定水头水源并减少径流。在瓦迪流域（面积：780公顷），对突尼斯中部杰巴尔·塞玛玛（Djebal Semama）林区的综合管理进行了测试。这包括防御措施，同工酶结石的屏障和沟渠的治疗。效率标准仅限于在出口处测得的水文参数：地表径流，侵蚀和洪水形状。为此，我们比较了流域管理前后的年度水量平衡以及洪水的形式和强度。 （1987-1989）。为了比较两个时期的洪水，将它们的水文图分为5分钟的时间步长，并进行了叠加。峰值流量被用作所有水文图的时间参考。我们区分了每个时期的几种典型洪水：平均值，包络洪水和百分位洪水分别为0.1和0.9。对排放水位图的时间演变的研究表明，径流的总体减少伴随着峰值流量的窒息和洪水基准时间的延长。

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