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首页> 外文会议>Managing Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources: Adaptation Issues, Options, and Strategies >APPLICATION OF THE SNOW TELEMETRY (SNOTEL) AND SOIL CLIMATE ANALYSIS NETWORK (SCAN) FOR ASSESSING WATER RESOURCE CONDITIONS AND TRENDS IN THE UNITED STATES
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APPLICATION OF THE SNOW TELEMETRY (SNOTEL) AND SOIL CLIMATE ANALYSIS NETWORK (SCAN) FOR ASSESSING WATER RESOURCE CONDITIONS AND TRENDS IN THE UNITED STATES

机译：冰雪遥测（SNOTEL）和土壤气候分析网络（SCAN）在评估美国水资源状况和趋势中的应用

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The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) operates and maintains tworncritical data networks for assessing and evaluating the water resources in the U.S. The Snow Survey andrnWater Supply Forecasting (SSWSF) Program, in existence since 1935, operates over 800 high-elevationrnautomated SNOw TELemetry (SNOTEL) sites across the Western U.S. and Alaska. This network transmitsrndata on snow water equivalent, snow depth, temperature, precipitation, and many other climatic parametersrnin near real-time and serves these data on the internet. The Soil Climate Analysis Network (SCAN) consistsrnof over 180 stations in 40 States and U.S. territories. SCAN transmits hourly soil moisture and soilrntemperature data, as well as many other climatic parameters. These two networks provide an importantrncomponent to a national assessment of climatic conditions and trends.rnMany recent and on-going activities as part of the SSWSF Program have greatly enhanced therncapabilities for water resources and climate investigations. In the SSWSF Program, automation of manualrnsnow course sites to SNOTEL has been continuing since the late 1970s and provides daily quality controlledrndata for locations across the Western U.S. Determination of new SNOTEL sites has been enhanced with therndevelopment of the Basin Analysis ArcGIS (BAGIS) tool that allows for delineation of spatial characteristicsrnrelevant to choosing site locations in data-sparse areas. Improvements and addition of new sensors,rnincluding soil moisture and temperature, at SNOTEL sites is expanding and improving the types andrnquality of climatic data at the sites. Application of the VIPER modeling software is improving water supplyrnforecasting capabilities and skill for watersheds.
机译：美国农业部自然资源保护局（NRCS）运营并维护着两个用于评估和评估美国水资源的关键数据网络。积雪调查和供水预测（SSWSF）计划自1935年成立以来，运营着800多个高海拔自动化SNOw TELemetry（ SNOTEL）网站遍布美国西部和阿拉斯加。该网络几乎实时传输有关雪水当量，雪深，温度，降水以及许多其他气候参数的数据，并在互联网上提供这些数据。土壤气候分析网络（SCAN）由40个州和美国领土的180多个站点组成。 SCAN每小时传输一次土壤湿度和土壤温度数据，以及许多其他气候参数。这两个网络为国家评估气候条件和趋势提供了重要的组成部分。作为SSWSF计划的一部分，许多近期和正在进行的活动大大增强了水资源和气候调查的能力。在SSWSF计划中，自1970年代后期以来，继续将人工雪地课程站点自动化到SNOTEL，并为美国西部各地提供每日质量控制数据。随着盆地分析ArcGIS（BAGIS）工具的开发，新SNOTEL站点的确定得到了增强。允许描述与在数据稀疏区域中选择站点位置有关的空间特征。 SNOTEL站点对包括土壤湿度和温度在内的新传感器的改进和增加正在扩展并改善站点的气候数据的类型和质量。 VIPER建模软件的应用正在改善流域的供水预报能力和技能。

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