The need to respond to climate changes is now a matter of common recognition throughout the world. After several years of negotiations, agreement was reached on the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 in Japan. The Protocol is regarded as an important step toward meeting the objective of stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. The paper discusses the costs of implementing the Protocol under a variety of assumptions. The AIM model is used to simulate post-Kyoto scenarios. It is found that it is possible to decrease CO/sub 2/ emissions without scaling back productive activity or reducing living standards in Japan. However, if one relies on the market mechanism alone, this will not occur. Our analysis clearly shows that it is necessary to introduce new policy measures such as a carbon tax and increased subsidies for introducing energy-saving technologies.
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机译：现在，应对气候变化的需要已成为全世界公认的问题。经过数年的谈判，1997年在日本就《京都议定书》达成了协议。该议定书被认为是朝着稳定大气中温室气体浓度这一目标迈出的重要一步。本文讨论了在各种假设下实施《议定书》的成本。 AIM模型用于模拟后京都情景。已经发现，在日本不降低生产活动或降低生活水平的情况下，可以减少CO / sub 2 /的排放量。但是，如果仅依靠市场机制，就不会发生这种情况。我们的分析清楚地表明，有必要采取新的政策措施，例如碳税和增加的引入节能技术的补贴。
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