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首页> 外文会议>Proceedings of the 12th International Rapeseed Congress: Sustainable Development in Cruciferous Oilseed Crops Production >Fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination in mustard oilseeds during storage in India
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Fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination in mustard oilseeds during storage in India

机译：在印度贮藏期间芥菜籽中的真菌感染和真菌毒素污染

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To assess the quality of mustard seed during storage, an extensive survey was carried out in four mustard growing states of northern India i.e. Rajasthan, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Punjab. Mycoflora, surface characters and ultrastructure of freshly harvested and one year old stored seeds were investigated. Fungus induced damage in the seed coat was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Freshly harvested seeds were spherical and brown with reticulations on the surface. Growth of fungi on poorly stored seed leads to degradation of protective cuticular covering, exposing the small pores in seed coat. One year old stored seeds were often found to be heavily infected with diverse fungi. These seeds appeared to be unhealthy and discoloured due to fungal infection. Cells of the seed coat were shriveled and distorted. Transmission electron microscopy revealed degradation of oil and protein bodies in cotyledonary cells. Cytoplasm of the cells of fresh, mature seeds was packed with protein and lipid bodies,which constitute the nutrient reserves. Seed-borne mycoflora was isolated by plating the seed on Czapek's Dox agar medium.Thirty five fungal species were isolated from the seeds.
机译：为了评估芥末种子在储存过程中的质量，在印度北部的四个芥末生长州（即拉贾斯坦邦，哈里亚纳邦，北方邦和旁遮普邦）进行了广泛的调查。研究了新鲜采摘和一年生种子的分枝真菌，表面特征和超微结构。通过扫描电子显微镜研究了真菌对种皮的损害。新鲜收获的种子为球形和褐色，表面具网状。真菌在贮藏不良的种子上生长会导致保护性表皮覆盖层退化，从而暴露种皮中的小孔。通常发现一岁的种子已被多种真菌严重感染。这些种子由于真菌感染而看起来不健康且变色。种皮细胞皱缩并变形。透射电子显微镜显示子叶细胞中油和蛋白质的降解。新鲜成熟种子细胞的细胞质中充满了蛋白质和脂质体，构成了营养储备。将种子接种在Czapek的Dox琼脂培养基上，分离出种子传播的分支菌群，从种子中分离出35种真菌。

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