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Cardiovascular and respiratory regulation during sleep in patients with sleep apnea with and without hypertension

机译:有和没有高血压的睡眠呼吸暂停患者在睡眠期间的心血管和呼吸调节

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Sleep is a physiological process with an internal program of a number of well defined sleep stages and intermediate wakefulness periods. The sleep stages do modulate the autonomous nervous system and thereby the sleep stages are accompanied by different regulation regimes for the cardiovascular and respiratory system. The differences in regulation can be distinguished by new analysis techniques on the recorded signals. In addition to normal sleep regulation some sleep disorders affect the cardiovascular and respiratory regulation. The most prevalent disorder linked to sleep and changes in the autonomous system is obstructive sleep apnea. In patients with obstructive sleep apnea marked short term changes in cardiovascular and respiratory regulation are observed during sleep. These abnormalities in regulation are further differentiated between the sleep stages. For long term changes obstructive sleep apnea is recognized as a major risk factor for arterial hypertension. Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea lowers blood pressure during the night and over time also lowers blood pressure during daytime. In this study we investigated 18 patients with sleep apnea and normal blood pressure, 10 patients with sleep apnea and arterial hypertension and 10 normal subjects as controls. Both patient groups were tested with cardiorespiratory polysomnography before and under CPAP therapy. The effects on cardiovascular and respiratory regulation during sleep and daytime are investigated in the three groups.
机译:睡眠是一个生理过程,其内部程序包含许多明确定义的睡眠阶段和中间的清醒期。睡眠阶段确实会调节自主神经系统,因此睡眠阶段伴随着针对心血管和呼吸系统的不同调节机制。调节的差异可以通过对记录信号的新分析技术加以区分。除了正常的睡眠调节外,某些睡眠障碍还会影响心血管和呼吸调节。与睡眠和自主系统变化有关的最普遍的疾病是阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停。在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者中,在睡眠期间观察到心血管和呼吸调节的短期变化。这些调节异常在睡眠阶段之间进一步加以区分。对于长期变化,阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停被认为是动脉高血压的主要危险因素。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的治疗可以降低夜间血压,随着时间的流逝,白天也可以降低血压。在这项研究中,我们调查了18例睡眠呼吸暂停和血压正常的患者,10例睡眠呼吸暂停和动脉高压的患者以及10例正常受试者作为对照。在CPAP治疗之前和之下,两组患者均接受了心肺多导睡眠图检查。在三组中研究了在睡眠和白天对心血管和呼吸调节的影响。

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