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Testing a non-deterministic robot in simulation - How many repeated runs ?

机译:在仿真中测试非确定性机器人 - 重复运行有多少?

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Testing autonomous robots requires test campaigns in the field that could be expensive, risky for the system and its environment, or even impossible to set up. To cope with these limits, an expanding approach is to perform tests in virtual environments using simulators. Due to the non-determinism of the robot control and simulation execution, a test might fail or pass with exactly the same inputs (same world and mission). An important question is thus: how many runs are required to activate a fault? We particularly focus in this paper on the efficiency of repeated runs and world diversity in the context of functional testing. We address this research question with an industrial case study - an agricultural weeding robot developed by Naïo Technologies. We conclude that, in this case study, test input diversity is more efficient than repeated runs in order to activate faults. More importantly, we propose an experimental approach to assess the impact of the non-determinism, which may be reused in other case studies.
机译:测试自治机器人需要在该领域的测试活动可能是昂贵的,对系统的风险及其环境,甚至无法设置。为了应对这些限制,扩展方法是使用模拟器执行虚拟环境中的测试。由于机器人控制和仿真执行的非确定性,测试可能会失败或通过完全相同的输入(相同的世界和任务)。因此,一个重要的问题是:激活故障需要多少运行?我们特别关注本文的功能测试背景下重复运行和世界多样性的效率。我们通过工业案例研究解决了这一研究问题 - 由Naïo技术开发的农业杂草机器人。我们得出结论,在这种情况下,测试输入多样​​性比重复运行更有效,以便激活故障。更重要的是,我们提出了一种试验方法来评估非确定性的影响,这可能在其他案例研究中重复使用。

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