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The impact of NASA's small business innovation research program on invention and innovation

机译：NASA的小型企业创新研究计划对发明和创新的影响

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We empirically determine the impact of the NASA Small Business innovation Research (SBIR) Program on invention and innovation. The NASA SBIR program selects a portfolio of technology proposals, submitted by small businesses to an annual solicitation. Funding may be awarded in two tranches, a 6-month phase I award and a subsequent, 2-year phase II award. Over the last decade, the total annual awarded funding was about $100¿¿¿140M with Phase I awards growing from $100¿¿¿125K and phase II awards from $500¿¿¿750K. Typically, about 15¿¿¿20% of submitted Phase I proposals are awarded and only these awards are eligible to submit a phase II proposal. The success rate at phase II is about 40%. We looked at NASA SBIR data between 1999 and 2006 to determine the impact of receiving a phase II award on invention and innovation by using patent activity as a proxy. Data from all NASA Mission Directorates and over a range of years were considered and combined into a statistically significant collection. We examined the phase II proposed technologies and the subsequent patent history of the submitting companies in the five years after the award cycle. We find that phase II awarded companies had a significantly greater number of awarded and cited patents, over this time frame, than companies not awarded an SBIR phase II. Specifically, we find an overall increase in awarded patents of 39% for SBIR awarded companies versus non-awarded companies. This difference is statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. We also examined subsets for these data to quantify the effects of company size and previous patent awards on these trends.
机译：我们凭经验确定NASA小型企业创新研究（SBIR）计划对发明和创新的影响。 NASA SBIR计划选择一系列技术提案，这些提案由小型企业提交给年度招标。资金可分两部分进行，分别为六个月的第一阶段奖励和随后的两年的第二阶段奖励。在过去的十年中，年度授予的总资金约为100亿美元-1.4亿美元，其中第一阶段的奖金从100亿美元-125,000美元增加到第二阶段的奖金从500欧元-75万美元增加。通常，大约15％的20％提交的第一阶段提案被授予，只有这些奖项才有资格提交第二阶段的提案。第二阶段的成功率约为40％。我们查看了1999年至2006年之间的NASA SBIR数据，以确定通过使用专利活动作为代理来获得第二阶段奖励对发明和创新的影响。考虑了来自所有NASA任务局以及过去几年的数据，并将这些数据合并为具有统计意义的集合。我们审查了第二阶段提议的技术以及授予周期后五年内提交公司的后续专利历史。我们发现，在此时间范围内，与未授予SBIR的公司相比，获得II期的公司拥有的授予和引用的专利数量要多得多。具体来说，我们发现与SBIR授予公司相比，SBIR授予公司的授予专利总体增加了39％。在95％的置信水平下，此差异具有统计学意义。我们还检查了这些数据的子集，以量化公司规模和先前的专利授予对这些趋势的影响。

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