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Serious Eye Injuries Produced by Windshield Damage - An Actual Problem in Ophthalmology

机译：挡风玻璃损伤产生的严重眼损伤 - 眼科的实际问题

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Eye injuries resulting from broken windshields are very frequent. The mechanism of such accidents reveals that the head of the passenger, about 0.1 sec after the crash, is thrown against the inner face of the windshield with a relative speed corresponding to the collision speed within a range of 60 km/hr. It often happens that the skull penetrates single-sheet safety glass, which is found in 95% of German vehicles. In these cases the eye region falls toward the lower breaking zone of the windshield, which leads to a very characteristic, often absolutely horizontal line of injury. Over a period of five years, of the 240 patients observed in the University Eye Hospital in Munich, 62 patients (26%) suffered bilateral eye injuries due to windshield particles. In practically all cases, lacerations and cuts of the eyelids were observed. In 65% of the cases, serious lacerations of the corneoscleral border of the eye bulb-affecting the lens, vitreous, and retina-were present. These perforating wounds led to blindness in 40% of the cases. In a period of 10 years, about 500 people became bilaterally blind from road accidents in Germany. By introducing both three-point safety belts and high-impact laminated glass windshields, all eye injuries resulting from windshield splinters could more or less be eliminated.
机译：挡风玻璃造成的眼睛伤害非常频繁。这种事故的机制揭示了乘客的头部，在碰撞后约0.1秒，挡住挡风玻璃的内表面，其相对速度对应于60km / hr范围内的碰撞速度。它经常发生头骨穿透单片安全玻璃，该德国95％的车辆。在这些情况下，眼睛区域朝向挡风玻璃的下断裂区域落下，这导致非常特征，通常是绝对的水平损伤线。在慕尼黑大学眼科医院观察到的240名患者的五年内，62名患者（26％）因挡风玻璃颗粒而受到双侧眼损伤。实际上，所有案例，观察到眼睑的撕裂和切割。在65％的病例中，存在眼球鳞茎的严重撕裂 - 影响晶状体，玻璃体和视网膜 - 存在。这些穿孔伤口导致了40％的案例中的失明。在10年的时间里，大约500人从德国的道路意外变得双边盲目。通过引入三点安全带和高冲击夹层玻璃挡风玻璃，挡风玻璃碎片造成的所有眼睛伤害都可以或多或少被消除。

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