The purpose of the present work is to create a method of analysis of characters of the matrix alphabets and consequently to synthesize such configurations of new signs, which would allow to reduce errors to minimum. The method based on the concept of the "basic character", representing a configuration of the elements used in 50 % and more of the signs of the alphabet or of one of its parts. The work shows, that the knowledge of the basic character of the alphabet or of one of its parts makes it possible to solve the both problems of optimization: minimizing the size of the basic character, it is possible to reduce to minimum the probability of errors of perception; maximizing the size of the basic character, it is possible to minimize the size and the complexity of the equipment.
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