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首页> 外文会议>ASME/JSME Joint Fluids Engineering Conference >INHALE'S DRY-POWDER PULMONARY DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: CHALLENGES TO CURRENT MODELING OF GAS-SOLID FLOWS.
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INHALE'S DRY-POWDER PULMONARY DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: CHALLENGES TO CURRENT MODELING OF GAS-SOLID FLOWS.

机译：吸气的干粉肺药递送系统：对天然气固体流动模型的挑战。

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In this paper, we present a summary of experimental and computational approaches that have been employed to enhance our understanding of the de-agglomeration, dispersion and conveyance processes in a specialized, advanced dry-powder inhaler developed by Inhale Therapeutic Systems. Inhale is the leader in the development of pulmonary delivery systems for proteins (such as insulin), peptides and other molecules, enabling the systemic and local lung delivery of large molecule drugs through inhalation into the deep lung. A key component of Inhale's system is its proprietary dry-powder inhaler device used to deliver the drug to the patient. Efficiency and reproducibility of delivery are of paramount importance. Both are measured in terms of the quantity and quality of the aerosol that can be delivered to the deep lung. The portable (6.5 × 2.2 × 1.8 in - 16.5 × 5.6 × 4.6 cm) device performs two key functions: 1) disperses a small amount of fine dry powder (between 1 and 10 mg, depending on the drug and dose) contained initially in a sealed blister into a fine aerosol captured in a holding chamber, 2) delivers this fine aerosol to the patient. In the Inhale device, powder dispersion and inspiration control are accomplished by the TransJector, a small (1.25 in × 1 in × 1 in - 3.2 × 2.6 × 2.6 cm) flow-amplifier component driven by a charge of about 10 mg of pressurized air. The sudden sonic discharge of this mass of air through small jets in the TransJector is responsible for the extraction, de-agglomeration and dispersion of the powder. This event occurs within 80 milliseconds. More than 90% (by mass) of the particles in the aerosol extracted from the chamber have aerodynamic particle diameters less than 5 microns, and a high fraction of the starting mass in the blister is delivered. The transient two-phase flow in the Inhale device poses unique challenges to modeling and experimental characterization. It is transonic and extremely brief. Particle number densities are extremely high inside the TransJector. The powder particles undergo flow transitions from contact-dominated to collision-dominated to a dilute flow. The particle size distribution changes by at least two orders of magnitude from the loosely cohesive powder agglomerates to the aerosol particles delivered to the patient. Lagrangian and Eulerian approaches are discussed to model aspects of this de-agglomeration, dispersion and conveyance process. A commercial code (Fluent), supplemented with additional models, is employed for the numerical simulations. Conclusions will be presented on the applicability of these methods to advanced dry-powder inhaler design and optimization. Directions for future study will be outlined.
机译：在本文中，我们展示了已经采用的实验和计算方法的摘要，以提高我们对由吸气治疗系统开发的专用的先进的干粉吸入器中的去聚，分散和输送过程的理解。吸入是蛋白质（如胰岛素），肽和其他分子的肺部递送系统的领导者，通过吸入深肺来实现大分子药物的全身和局部肺部递送。吸气系统的一个关键组件是其专有的干粉吸入器装置，用于将药物递送给患者。交付的效率和再现性至关重要。两者都以可递送到深肺的气溶胶的数量和质量来衡量。便携式（6.5×2.2×1.8 In - 16.5×5.6×4.6cm）装置执行两个关键功能：1）分散少量的细干粉（取决于药物和剂量的1至10mg）将密封的泡罩密封到保持室中捕获的细气溶胶中，2）向患者提供这种细气溶胶。在吸气装置中，粉末分散和灵感控制由缩进器完成，通过电荷为约10mg加压空气驱动的流量放大器部件，小（1.25英寸×1英寸 - 3.2×2.6×2.6厘米）。 。通过缩小器中的小型喷射突然通过小型喷射的气体突然放电负责粉末的提取，去聚凝聚和分散体。此事件发生在80毫秒内。从腔室中提取的气溶胶中的超过90％（质量）的颗粒具有小于5微米的空气动力学粒径，并且泡罩中的起始物质的高分化物质。吸气装置中的瞬态两相流对建模和实验表征构成了独特的挑战。它是横跨跨安和非常简短的。轨道器内部密度极高。粉末颗粒经历流动转变从接触固定到碰撞定位成稀释流动。粒度分布通过松散的粘性粉末附聚物从递送给患者的气溶胶颗粒的气溶胶颗粒的至少两个数量级变化。讨论拉格朗日和欧拉峰接近，以模拟这种去聚物，分散和输送过程的方面。使用额外模型的商业代码（流利），用于数值模拟。结论将提出这些方法适用于先进的干粉吸入器设计和优化。将概述未来研究的指示。

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