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Cicer species - Conserved Resources, Priorities for Collection and Future Prospects

机译：Cicer物种 - 保守资源，收集和未来前景的优先事项

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The genus Cicer encompasses 34 wild perennial species, 8 annual wild species, and one annual cultivated species. Most of these species are found in the West Asia and North African region covering Turkey in the north to Ethiopia in the south, and Pakistan in the east to Morocco in the west. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is the only cultivated species, and is the second most important pulse crop in the world. The two most closely related species to the cultigen, C. reticulatum, and C. echinospermum, are endemic in southeastern Turkey and adjoining areas of northern Iraq. Good collections have been made and categorized using descriptors. As the level of tolerance to some of the biotic and abiotic stresses is not at a satisfactory level in the cultivated species, limited efforts have been made to collect and evaluate the wild Cicer species. For some of the wild annual species namely, C. yamashitae, C. cuneatum, and C. chorassanicum, there are only a few accessions in the collection and more need to be collected. The annual Cicer species are not difficult to grow, and can be conserved and rejuvenated without much difficulty. But the perennial Cicer species are extremely difficult to grow. They probably need their original habitats and should be conservedin situ. The cultivated species has been extensively developed but it still lacks resistance to many biotic and abiotic stresses. The wild annual species have been evaluated for resistance to these stresses. They provide good prospects for the improvement of chickpea. Desirable genes have been introgressed from the wild species, which are crossable, but not all species are crossable with chickpea and further research is needed. It is hoped biotechnology and tissue culture in future will permit the introgression of their genes into chickpea.
机译：Cicer属涵盖34种野生多年生物种，8个年度野生物种和一个年龄培养物种。这些物种中的大多数都在西亚和北非地区覆盖南北土耳其到南部的埃塞俄比亚，西部的巴基斯坦到摩洛哥。鹰嘴豆（Cicer Arietinum）是唯一种植物种，是世界上第二个最重要的脉搏作物。两种最密切相关的物种，C. reticulatum和C. echinospermum，是土耳其东南部的地方，伊拉克北部的毗邻地区。已经使用描述符进行了良好的集合和分类。随着对栽培物种的一些生物和非生物胁迫的耐受性的耐受程度并不是令人满意的水平，已经进行了有限的努力来收集和评估野生CICER物种。对于一些野生年产量，即C. Yamashitae，C. Cuteatum和C. Chorassanicum，收集中只有很少的摘要，并且需要收集更多的豁免。年度CICER物种并不难以生长，并且可以在没有太多困难的情况下保持和恢复活力。但常年CICER物种非常难以生长。他们可能需要他们的原始栖息地，应该是节约的原位。栽培物种已被广泛开发，但仍然缺乏对许多生物和非生物胁迫的抵抗力。已经评估了野生的年度物种对这些压力的抵抗力。他们为改善鹰嘴豆提供了良好的前景。从野生物种中，所需的基因已缺乏始于可联链，但并非所有物种都可以与鸡豆交联，并且需要进一步研究。希望未来的生物技术和组织文化将允许将它们的基因陷入鹰嘴豆。

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