This work presents a new approach to high-density microelectrode arrays for spatially and temporally resolved images of in-vitro neuronal networks electrophysiological activity. Based on active pixel sensor technology (APS), the first chip design consists in an array of 64 × 64 (4096) pixels on an active area of 2.56 × 2.56 mm{sup}2. Each pixel has a dimension of 40 ×40 μm{sup}2 integrating a gold microelectrode of 20 ×20 μm. An in-pixel differential amplifier locally amplifies the extracellular potential, minimizing the electrode-measuring circuit distance. The integrated circuit has a programmable gain and filtering for noise-speed trade-off. The network activity image is obtained by addressing the desired pixels at high sampling frequency and sequentially reading the chip output.
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