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首页> 外文会议>IASTED International Conference on Law and Technology >PATENTING OF BUSINESS METHODS AND SOFTWARE: ISSUES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR E-COMMERCE
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PATENTING OF BUSINESS METHODS AND SOFTWARE: ISSUES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR E-COMMERCE

机译：业务方法和软件的专利：电子商务的问题和影响

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In 1998 the case of State Street Bank & Trust Co. v. Signature Financial Group, Inc. changed the traditional resistance of the US federal courts to patenting business methods, ending a long period of jurisprudential disfavour. Since then, mostly large US companies have been awarded business methods and software patents in contrast to small firms that cannot afford to face onerous expenses to file for and contest patents to the extent that larger businesses can and do. The case law renews debate on the patent system itself with competing claims and counterclaims that on the one hand claim patenting promotes innovation and rewards the author and on the other hand claim patenting privileges big corporations displacing small business interests and contradicting antitrust protections among other things. Small software developers and the Internet community supporters of “open source” argue that the software is not a patentable subject matter since it undermines innovation, and warn of the advantages for big technology multinationals that make it much more difficult for smaller companies to create new products and compete on fair terms. Business methods and software fall into the category of sequential cumulative innovation since it depends on prior inventions to work. That means a new business method and software rarely will stand alone and will rely upon software-related inventions because they are intertwined in most cases. Therefore, patenting software that is technologically interdependent to other software overlapping each other makes developers infringe others’ patents at any time. Reviewing the laws and jurisprudence in three key different jurisdictions, this paper aims to explore the different legal solutions of the US, Canada, and Europe to the patenting of business methods and software from a theoretical perspective. The international debate on conflicting interests around software patents and their rationales will be discussed as well as the basic requirements for patentability and their consequences.
机译：1998年的国家街道银行和信托有限公司诉签名金融集团，Inc。改变了美国联邦法院对专利业务方法的传统抵抗，结束了长期的判例性脱离。从那时起，大多数大型美国公司都被授予了企业方法和软件专利，与小企业相比，不能在更大的企业可以和做大的程度上面对档案和竞争专利。案件法续订对专利制度本身的争论，并在一方面所属的索赔和反诉方面，一方面，一方面宣传专利促进了创新和奖励作者，另一方面，在另一方面，专利特权大公司加速了小企业，以及抵消其他事项的反托拉斯保护。小型软件开发人员和“开源”的互联网社区支持者认为，这种软件不是专利主题，因为它破坏了创新，并警告大型技术跨国公司的优势，使得小型公司创造新产品更加困难并在公平的条件下竞争。业务方法和软件属于顺序累积创新类别，因为它取决于现有的发明工作。这意味着新的业务方法和软件很少将独立并将依赖于软件相关的发明，因为它们在大多数情况下被交织在一起。因此，专利软件在技术相互依存到彼此重叠的其他软件使开发人员随时侵犯他人的专利。审查三个关键不同司法管辖区的法律和法学，本文旨在从理论角度探索美国，加拿大和欧洲的不同法律解决方案，从理论的角度来看。将讨论关于围绕软件专利的利益及其理由的国际辩论以及可专利性及其后果的基本要求。

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